118 citations
,
September 2004 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Hormones, especially androgens, play a big role in acne, but most acne sufferers don't have a hormone disorder. Hormonal treatments, including birth control pills, can be very effective for women whose acne doesn't improve with regular treatments.
1 citations
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July 2015 in “AACE clinical case reports” Removing both ovaries treated the woman's excess male hormone symptoms.
8 citations
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April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Postmenopausal women with hyperandrogenism didn't have better metabolic health even after their testosterone levels became normal.
4 citations
,
August 2025 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Hormone replacement therapy can improve menopausal skin quality, but it's not recommended just for skin due to limited evidence.
26 citations
,
March 1981 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Oestrogen does not affect adrenal androgen levels in children and adolescents.
May 2026 in “Annals of Internal Medicine Clinical Cases” Leydig cell tumors can cause hormone issues in postmenopausal women even if imaging looks normal.
26 citations
,
December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy and surgeries like mastectomy improve transgender men's lives and mental health with low risks and high satisfaction.
Ovulation inhibitors effectively treat menstrual issues and improve fertility but can have side effects.
8 citations
,
April 2022 in “Trends in cancer” Hormone therapy affects cancer risks in transgender individuals differently than in cisgender people, and more research is needed to understand these risks and improve cancer screening guidelines.
22 citations
,
February 2014 in “Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia” An 81-year-old woman's severe male hormone symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which was treated with surgery.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
8 citations
,
February 2003 in “Annals of Neurology” Progesterone treatment improved seizures in a woman with menstrual cycle-related epilepsy, but a wrong medication worsened her condition.
12 citations
,
March 2018 in “Medicine” A postmenopausal woman's hirsutism and high testosterone levels improved after surgery for an ovarian tumor not seen on ultrasound.
56 citations
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July 2014 in “PloS one” SARMs may be an effective treatment for a certain type of breast cancer by blocking cancer growth and spread.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
19 citations
,
July 1990 in “Cleveland Clinic journal of medicine” Androgen excess disorders in women were effectively treated with spironolactone, estrogen, and dexamethasone.
63 citations
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January 2012 in “The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care” Some birth control pills have a higher risk of blood clots than others.
December 2000 in “Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine” Antiandrogen therapy may help treat hidradenitis suppurativa.
June 2023 in “The journal of sexual medicine” The treatment helped a transgender woman stop drinking, improved her mental health, and reduced her gender dysphoria.
January 2026 in “Brazilian Journal of Development” Early diagnosis and surgery can improve symptoms of ovarian hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women.
41 citations
,
July 2001 in “PubMed” Estrogens can reduce DHT production in hair follicles, but are less effective than finasteride and progesterone.
162 citations
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April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
78 citations
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October 2003 in “Cochrane library” Cyproterone acetate with estradiol may subjectively improve excessive hair growth in women, but it's not clinically better than other treatments.
March 2023 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Low-dose oral minoxidil improved hair growth when topical treatments failed.
June 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Skin issues from testosterone therapy in transgender men can be managed with combined dermatology and endocrinology care.
January 2023 in “Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology” A woman's high testosterone levels and related symptoms improved after ovary removal surgery.
Antiandrogens and finasteride may help treat excess hair and hair loss in women.
1 citations
,
September 2023 in “JCEM case reports” GnRH analogues are effective for diagnosing and treating female androgen excess, offering a non-surgical option.
60 citations
,
August 2022 in “ESMO Open” Trastuzumab deruxtecan is effective for HER2-positive breast cancer but requires careful management of side effects.
December 2022 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Six months of treatment improved PCOS symptoms and reduced AMH levels.