July 2025 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach and informed consent for gender-affirming hormone treatment, with regular follow-ups and individualized care.
June 2025 in “Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology” Herbal remedies may help with hair loss but need more research.
September 2021 in “Assay and drug development technologies” Drug repurposing shows promise for treating many medical conditions.
5 citations
,
March 2020 in “Aids Reviews” Hair antiretroviral concentration is affected by hair type, segment position, housing, drug use, sexual behavior, kidney function, and genetics.
November 2012 in “Journal of the International AIDS Society” Antiretrovirals can affect finasteride's effectiveness, so dose adjustments may be needed for men on HIV treatment.
12 citations
,
June 2005 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” A man with HIV developed skin and hair issues after starting HIV treatment, which improved with topical treatment.
5 citations
,
February 2004 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” The book provides updated knowledge on hair disorders and new treatments for hair loss.
3 citations
,
September 2020 in “Molecular Brain” The anti-viral drug Elvitegravir may protect brain cells from damage related to neurodegenerative diseases.
36 citations
,
March 2004 in “AIDS” Demodex folliculitis can occur in HIV patients on HAART, and treatment may involve topical creams or medication changes.
17 citations
,
August 2002 in “AIDS” Indinavir and ritonavir therapy can cause reversible hair loss.
7 citations
,
October 2013 in “British Journal of Dermatology” HIV can cause skin disorders, which are often the first sign of infection, especially in people with darker skin.
5 citations
,
July 2007 in “PubMed” An HIV patient's complete hair loss was reversed after switching from lopinavir/ritonavir to nelfinavir.
4 citations
,
February 2013 in “Revista De Saude Publica” Pill organizers and cutters can help with taking medication regularly but may affect the medication's effectiveness and safety.
2 citations
,
April 2024 in “AIDS Research and Therapy” Syphilis can cause hair loss and skin changes in HIV-positive patients, and proper treatment can resolve these symptoms.
2 citations
,
September 2021 in “International Journal of STD & AIDS” People living with HIV in Turkey often have skin conditions, which are more common in advanced HIV stages and may help in diagnosing the infection.
2 citations
,
June 2020 in “AIDS” Recreational drug use can cause misdiagnosed conditions and drug interactions in HIV patients.
2 citations
,
September 2013 in “Serbian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” HIV-positive patients, especially men who have sex with men, had a high rate of skin diseases and sexually transmitted infections.
1 citations
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July 2020 in “Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya” Timely treatment with antibiotics and antiretrovirals can significantly improve health in HIV patients with syphilis.
1 citations
,
August 2007 in “Indian Journal of Pediatrics” A girl with symptoms like an autoimmune disorder actually had HIV and a fungal infection, which was hard to diagnose and treat, leading to her death.
April 2026 in “Current HIV Research” Skin disorders in HIV patients have shifted, with more sexually transmitted infections and ART-related conditions now common.
September 1998 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Intermittent isotretinoin can cause various skin, hair, and nail changes.
January 2019 in “Annals of Dermatology” HIV patients in Korea often have skin diseases like fungal infections, folliculitis, and seborrheic dermatitis, which are less common with effective HIV treatment.
60 citations
,
May 2015 in “Archives of dermatological research” PPAR agonists show promise for skin conditions but need more research before being a main treatment.
9 citations
,
January 2020 in “Rheumatology Advances in Practice” SLE is rare in Uganda but often has complications and overlaps with rheumatoid arthritis.
10 citations
,
October 2015 in “Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care” A woman with HIV had a severe skin condition that improved with antiretroviral therapy.
September 1997 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” The document concludes that treatments like oral anti-androgens, minoxidil, and topical spironolactone can be effective for hair loss in men and women.
January 2022 in “Galicia Clínica” Alopecia universalis can be an early sign of HIV.
May 2017 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Testosterone levels are not linked to erectile dysfunction in young and middle-aged men with HIV.
1 citations
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June 2020 in “Unisa Institutional Repository (University of South Africa)” Low power red laser with efavirenz can reduce HIV-1 infection to undetectable levels and improve diagnosis.
October 2025 in “Cermin Dunia Kedokteran” Early detection, prevention, and proper management can reduce TB-IRIS complications and deaths in HIV patients.