September 2018 in “The Journal of Urology” Clomiphene citrate is a cheap and simple treatment for low testosterone that works as well as human chorionic gonadotropin, alone or combined, especially for men who want to keep their fertility.
60 citations
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December 1998 in “Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Both drugs lower DHT levels, with GI198745 being more effective.
Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.
April 2025 in “Journal of Reproductive Healthcare and Medicine” The RISUG-PH™ implant effectively delivers finasteride to the prostate through the vas deferens.
10 citations
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October 2012 in “Andrology” Prostate cancer can progress even with low testosterone due to internal hormone production in the tumor.
31 citations
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September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
2 citations
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March 2012 in “JAMA” Early surgery reduces seizure risk in drug-resistant epilepsy; testosterone to DHT conversion doesn't affect muscle anabolism; veterans with PTSD likely to have riskier opioid use; bevacizumab helps in hereditary bleeding disorder.
393 citations
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November 2000 in “Archives of General Psychiatry” Testosterone is important for men's sexual function, may help some women's sexual desire, while other hormones and neurotransmitters also play complex roles in sexual behavior.
1 citations
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February 2018 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Ultrasound shows 96% of young men with erectile dysfunction after using finasteride have abnormal penile tissue.
1 citations
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August 2013 in “PubMed” Testosterone changes reduce thyroxin levels in rats.
89 citations
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February 1993 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” New compounds called benzoquinolinones may treat conditions linked to excess DHT.
20 citations
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February 2002 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents” New research is needed to create better drugs that block the enzyme responsible for conditions like male baldness and prostate enlargement.
January 2024 in “Life sciences” Testosterone affects blood vessel relaxation in hypertensive rats.
May 2022 in “Current Enzyme Inhibition” Compound 7b is a promising candidate for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer.
December 2024 in “Tissue and Cell” A new method helps detect androgen receptor movement in cells, aiding research on hair loss treatments.
12 citations
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October 2018 in “Aging male/The aging male” Higher BMI and lower testosterone are linked to more aggressive prostate cancer.
10 citations
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August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
January 2009 in “Chinese Journal of Drug Application and Monitoring” Finasteride granules and tablets work the same in the body.
June 2026 in “Oriental Journal Of Chemistry” Steroid 12 shows promise as a targeted treatment for prostate cancer by selectively reducing cell growth and increasing cell death.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Prostaglandin D2 increases testosterone production in skin cells through a process involving reactive oxygen species, which could be a new target for treating hair loss and other skin conditions driven by testosterone.
2 citations
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December 2017 in “Theriogenology” Testosterone increases acidification in the vas deferens by up-regulating V-ATPase.
87 citations
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May 2018 in “Scientific Reports” Higher free testosterone levels in men are linked to a stronger immune response, not weaker.
Finasteride and testosterone are the drugs most linked to male infertility, but many other potential drugs may be under-reported.
May 2024 in “Current perspectives on medicinal and aromatic plants” Plant-based treatments might help with hair loss and have fewer side effects than synthetic drugs.
5 citations
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October 2018 in “Sains Malaysiana” Testosterone reduces key molecules needed for early pregnancy in rats.
4 citations
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January 2015 in “Endocrinology & metabolic syndrome” Testosterone can cause acne and male-pattern baldness, affects hair growth in men and women, and makes male skin more sensitive.
13 citations
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January 2019 in “Endocrine journal” Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.