May 2026 in “Jurnal Pendidikan Kimia Fisika dan Biologi” This study investigates the morphological changes in hair before and after undergoing a rebonding treatment using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The research involved a comparative analysis of one strand of healthy, untreated hair and one strand of post-rebonding hair from a female subject. The SEM images revealed that the untreated hair had tightly arranged and smooth cuticle scales, whereas the rebonded hair exhibited surface erosion and cracks in the cuticle. These findings demonstrate that rebonding causes significant damage to the hair cuticle, highlighting the need for developing protective post-rebonding hair care products.
1 citations
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December 2005 in “Journal of Biological Research - Bollettino della Società Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale” Ancient South American mummies' hair shows high sulfur, calcium, and potassium levels.
October 2013 in “Journal de gynécologie, obstétrique et biologie de la reproduction. Supplément/Journal de gynécologie obstétrique et biologie de la reproduction” 
5 citations
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July 1991 in “Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -)” Immunosuppressive therapy helps manage autoimmune diseases but carries risks like infection and potential for malignancy.
31 citations
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July 1975 in “PubMed” Intensive immunosuppression can reduce relapse rates in multiple sclerosis patients, despite some side effects.
3 citations
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October 2018 in “Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences” Biological therapy boosts the immune system to effectively fight melanoma.
70 citations
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February 2018 in “Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism” Belimumab reduces disease activity, steroid use, and flares in lupus patients.
28 citations
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January 2005 in “PubMed” Topical immunomodulators are effective and safe for treating immune-related skin conditions.
42 citations
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January 1998 in “BioDrugs” Azathioprine's effectiveness and safety require careful monitoring and more research, especially regarding its use with corticosteroids and the role of TPMT status in patients.
Selective immunotherapies like anifrolumab and belimumab are more effective for treating systemic lupus erythematosus than traditional drugs.
20 citations
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March 1990 in “Archives of Dermatology” Nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporines might treat skin diseases by affecting cell growth.
Belimumab effectively controls SLE disease activity and reduces steroid use.
January 2016 in “Vojnosanitetski Pregled” Some treatments for inflammatory bowel disease can cause skin problems like rashes and melanoma.
2 citations
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September 2010 in “Journal of the Dermatology Nurses’ Association” Transplant patients on immunosuppressive medications have a higher risk of skin cancer, and managing this involves balancing medication with cancer risk.
1 citations
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November 1991 in “PubMed” Immunoadsorption successfully treated a man's resistant polymyositis.
1 citations
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January 2025 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Immune checkpoint inhibitors can increase the risk of autoimmune skin diseases, especially bullous pemphigoid.
7 citations
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August 2025 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Long-term use of calcineurin inhibitors in transplant patients can cause hormone issues that can be managed with proper care.
20 citations
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January 1995 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Cyclosporin A and FK506 can start new hair growth without needing immunosuppression.
278 citations
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March 2013 in “Gut” Anti-IL-12/IL-23 antibody therapy effectively treats psoriasiform skin lesions in IBD patients.
Combining baricitinib with golimumab helped regrow hair in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis and alopecia areata.
25 citations
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October 2010 in “Journal of Hepatology” Budesonide alone is less effective than standard treatment for autoimmune hepatitis.
Tacrolimus causes fewer acute rejections than cyclosporin A in kidney transplants but doesn't necessarily improve kidney function after one year; cardiovascular risks and side effects vary between the two drugs.
22 citations
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January 2012 in “Mediators of inflammation” Nonantibiotic macrolides show promise for treating various inflammatory skin conditions.
March 2018 in “Suez Canal University Medical Journal” New drugs targeting the JAK-STAT pathway show promise for treating inflammatory skin diseases.
May 2026 in “Case Reports in Dermatology” Switching immunosuppressants can improve hair regrowth and well-being in transplant patients experiencing hair loss.
November 2025 in “JEADV Clinical Practice” Leflunomide may lower alopecia areata risk, while other immunomodulators might increase it.
August 2001 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Prednisone has risks for lupus patients, isotretinoin is safe for mental health, transplant patients risk skin cancer, and various treatments are effective for specific skin conditions.
9 citations
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May 2005 in “Expert Review of Clinical Immunology” Blocking interferon-gamma might help treat various autoimmune diseases.
223 citations
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September 2018 in “Rheumatology” JAK inhibitors are effective in treating various immune-related diseases, not just rheumatoid arthritis.
August 2025 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” Combining glucocorticoids with immunosuppressants like cyclophosphamide improves remission and reduces relapse in pemphigus patients.