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This study developed and optimized biotinoyl tripeptide-1 (BTP)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to protect hair from heat-induced damage. Using a Box-Behnken design, the researchers optimized the formulation, achieving a particle size of 207.3 nm, PDI of 0.297, zeta potential of -10.6 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 46.2%. Hair samples treated with BTP-SLNs showed improved cuticle integrity, reduced microfibrillary separation, and increased thermal resistance compared to untreated samples. The protective effects are attributed to lipid barrier formation and keratin matrix stabilization, indicating BTP-SLNs as a promising approach for enhancing thermal protection in hair care products.

Anti-aging peptides are promising in cosmeceuticals for improving skin appearance by targeting biological mechanisms of skin aging. They stimulate extracellular matrix protein synthesis, inhibit matrix-degrading enzymes, enhance skin barrier integrity, suppress inflammation, and modulate micro-muscle contractions. Despite their potential and generally favorable safety profiles, challenges such as peptide stability, purity, effective skin penetration, and limited standardized clinical data remain. Future advancements in delivery technologies and rigorous clinical research are necessary to overcome these barriers and enhance the effectiveness of peptide-based formulations.

The study developed a palmitoylated peptide, Pal-MPAPO, incorporated into a hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel microneedle system for effective transdermal delivery to promote hair regeneration. The microneedles demonstrated sufficient mechanical strength for skin insertion and enabled prolonged release of the peptide. In human dermal papilla cells, Pal-MPAPO activated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and increased cAMP levels primarily through VPAC1, with no significant role for VPAC2. Molecular interactions were confirmed through various simulations and imaging techniques. In a C57BL/6 mouse model, the Pal-MPAPO-loaded microneedles significantly enhanced hair regrowth, showing similar efficacy to minoxidil but requiring less frequent application. This suggests Pal-MPAPO as a promising candidate for hair regeneration with the hydrogel microneedle system offering a targeted delivery method.