12 citations
,
October 2004 in “Experimental Gerontology” Changes in testosterone and estrogen receptor genes can affect how men age, influencing body fat, hair patterns, and possibly leading to skin disorders.
4 citations
,
October 2013 in “Springer eBooks” Melatonin receptors, found in many body parts, can help treat various diseases like depression and diabetes due to their effects on inflammation, tumor progression, sleep disorders, and body mass regulation.
38 citations
,
April 2016 in “The Journal of Pathology” Alkaline ceramidase 1 is crucial for healthy skin and energy balance.
64 citations
,
August 1999 in “The American journal of medicine” The transscrotal testosterone patch normalizes hormone levels in men with AIDS and weight loss but does not improve weight, body mass, or quality of life.
July 2013 in “Edinburgh Research Archive (University of Edinburgh)” Dutasteride may reduce insulin sensitivity and increase body fat.
May 2023 in “Stem Cells International” Different parts of the body's fat tissue have unique cell types and characteristics, which could help treat chronic wounds.
August 2023 in “MOJ women's health” Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) could potentially treat Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by controlling energy balance and lipid homeostasis, but more human research is needed.
2 citations
,
September 2020 Long-term high testosterone levels can improve bone density and reduce body fat but may increase the risk of prostate cancer and high blood pressure.
Increased free testosterone can lead to stronger bones and less body fat but also higher risks of prostate cancer, hair loss, spine issues, and high blood pressure.
7 citations
,
October 2024 in “Livers” Sex hormones affect liver fat and metabolic health differently in men and women.
1 citations
,
December 2013 in “ThinkTech (Texas Tech University)” A low insulinemic diet improves weight, hormone levels, and well-being in women with PCOS.
2 citations
,
March 2012 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” The body's change of testosterone into DHT is not necessary for testosterone's muscle and sexual effects.
162 citations
,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
11 citations
,
January 2024 in “Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Phytosomes improve the body's absorption of plant extracts for better health benefits.
34 citations
,
December 2012 in “Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care” Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.
11 citations
,
March 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Nandrolone might increase muscle mass with fewer side effects than testosterone but could cause erectile dysfunction and needs more research.
211 citations
,
May 2013 in “Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging” MK-0773 safely increased muscle mass but did not improve muscle strength or function in elderly women with sarcopenia.
4 citations
,
November 2014 The skin protects the body, regulates temperature, senses touch, and makes vitamin D.
34 citations
,
December 2012 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” Mesotherapy shows promise for cellulite and facial rejuvenation but has mixed results for body sculpting and hair loss, with more research needed for safety and effectiveness.
11 citations
,
May 2009 in “Medical Hypotheses” Male pattern baldness is an unintended side effect of the body's use of androgens for muscle growth, especially in those genetically prone to it.
September 2002 in “Fertility and sterility” Metformin can start ovulation and may lower 17P response in PCOS, but six months is too short to improve hair growth or change body fat distribution.
40 citations
,
January 2016 in “Elsevier eBooks” The skin is the largest organ, protecting the body, regulating temperature, and producing hormones.
6 citations
,
September 2020 in “African Journal of Urology” Prostate size varies by ethnic group, age, residence, and blood glucose, but not by body measurements or fat.
11 citations
,
October 2018 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Women with PCOS have similar bone density to healthy women, but those who are obese have higher bone density at some body sites.
1 citations
,
October 2017 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Men are increasingly using energy-based skin treatments for workplace success, with lasers and other devices effectively improving skin and body appearance.
1 citations
,
September 2022 in “Journal of Medical Case Reports” Rehabilitation therapy helped a severe COVID-19 patient regain muscle mass and return to normal life.
23 citations
,
March 2019 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open” BMI is not a significant predictor of complications after gender-affirming penile inversion vaginoplasty.
1 citations
,
July 2011 in “Climacteric” Long-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women can improve certain health markers, hair loss is common regardless of hormone use, stopping estrogen doesn't increase breast cancer risk, smoking does, and a balanced BMI is linked to lower mortality.
104 citations
,
November 1978 in “JAMA” The Protein-Sparing Modified Fast is effective for rapid weight loss and maintaining it, but requires medical supervision and can have side effects.
36 citations
,
October 2016 in “Bone” A male with aromatase deficiency improved bone health with estradiol treatment.