82 citations
,
January 2002 in “Journal of drug targeting” Drugs penetrate scalp skin better than abdominal skin, with scalp hair follicles aiding in higher drug delivery.
66 citations
,
February 1985 in “Archives of dermatological research” Hair dyes penetrate the scalp very minimally, less than 1%.
14 citations
,
April 2019 in “Saudi pharmaceutical journal” Microparticles help caffeic acid stay longer in hair follicles for better treatment of folliculitis.
19 citations
,
April 2013 in “Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy” Hair follicles are important for the absorption of certain drugs into the skin.
10 citations
,
December 2001 in “PubMed” The conclusion is that substances can penetrate hair fibers through multiple pathways, including both the cell membrane complex and the non-keratinous parts.
6 citations
,
December 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” CARB is a strong barrier in human hair that prevents dye penetration.
7 citations
,
October 2024 in “Drug Delivery and Translational Research” A 4% nanoparticle concentration and 4 Hz massage improve drug delivery into hair follicles.
December 2023 in “Asian journal of beauty & cosmetology”
54 citations
,
October 2002 in “Journal of controlled release” Medium lipophilic substances penetrate skin best, and adding ethanol can increase delivery to hair follicles.
Ethnic differences in skin and hair affect penetration minimally, but cultural habits matter in product development.
2 citations
,
March 2017 in “Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology” Caffeic acid protects human scalp cells from UV damage.
3 citations
,
January 2013 in “Journal of cosmetics, dermatological sciences and applications” HAIRCARECUBE TM (HCC) helps hair products work better by getting active ingredients deeper into the hair.
June 2024 in “Majallah-i dānishgāh-i ̒ulum-i pizishkī-i Kirmān.” Eucalyptus and Tween 80 most effectively increase cetirizine skin absorption.
3 citations
,
September 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Methyl caprate greatly increases drug absorption through the skin and is better than other enhancers.
January 2009 in “The Chinese Journal of Modern Applied Pharmacy” The Potts-Guy model best predicts skin permeability for the tested drugs.
January 2026 in “Reproductive Toxicology” High coffee intake during pregnancy may cause earlier puberty in daughters.
May 2023 in “Frontiers in chemistry” Zolpidem shows up in hair from the top back of the head after one dose and fades over time, suggesting it gets into hair through blood and sweat.
24 citations
,
November 2009 in “Pharmaceutical Development and Technology” Transcutol P best increases Finasteride absorption for hair loss treatment.
20 citations
,
August 2017 in “Drug testing and analysis” Drugs localize differently in hair strands based on their properties.
May 2024 in “Journal of functional foods” Coffee bean residue extract helps hair growth by activating cell processes.
March 2024 in “Bioimpacts” 400 nm particles penetrate hair follicles best, but mouse models aren't fully reliable for human studies.
January 2015 in “SciDok (Saarland University and State Library)” Clobetasol nanocarriers can be effectively delivered to hair follicles, with uptake improved by massage and affected by particle type.
15 citations
,
February 2023 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Smaller curcumin nanocrystals penetrate skin better, but additives and particle size affect absorption and accumulation.
15 citations
,
June 2016 in “Computers in Biology and Medicine” Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate penetrates skin better in the stratum corneum than in the infundibulum.
10 citations
,
June 2019 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Hair removal methods damage the skin barrier and affect substance penetration.
2 citations
,
November 2025 in “Pharmaceutics” Moderately lipophilic dyes penetrate skin deeply, while highly hydrophobic or lipophilic dyes stay on the surface.
61 citations
,
March 2006 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Lecithin microemulsion safely delivers tetracaine hydrochloride through the skin.
1 citations
,
July 2005 in “Drugs and the pharmaceutical sciences” Targeting drugs to hair follicles can treat skin conditions, but reaching deep follicle areas is hard and needs more research.
1 citations
,
November 2004 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” External agents penetrate skin more easily in areas with fewer lipids, especially through hair follicles.
January 2022 in “Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Clove oil and grape seed extract increase finasteride skin absorption, while urea decreases it.