October 2018 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” Children with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia have thicker heart fat and more heart and blood vessel risk factors, especially if their condition is not well-controlled.
January 2016 in “Human & Experimental Toxicology” A specific DNA sequence caused hair loss in male mice by activating immune cells and increasing a certain immune signal.
February 2010 in “ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)” Male sexual differentiation is regulated independently, while female differentiation occurs in an androgenic environment, affecting conditions like congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
989 citations
,
August 2007 in “The Lancet” PCOS is a complex condition with major health impacts, needing more research for better diagnosis and treatment.
21 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
1 citations
,
September 2012 in “Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
658 citations
,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
January 2024 in “Journal of Natural Remedies” Solanum nigrum extract may help regrow hair.
38 citations
,
May 2021 in “International Journal of Infectious Diseases” Low testosterone may indicate severe COVID-19 in men.
7 citations
,
August 2019 in “Endokrynologia Polska” The free androgen index varies among women with different types of PCOS.
23 citations
,
September 2021 in “Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology” Testosterone's effects on COVID-19 are unclear and need more research.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “EBioMedicine” Women have a higher DHT/testosterone ratio than men, possibly due to gut bacteria activity.
February 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Testosterone replacement therapy helps manage deficiency and has various methods, but requires careful monitoring to avoid side effects.
42 citations
,
May 2007 in “Endocrinology and metabolism/American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone can build muscle and bone without enlarging the prostate when a specific enzyme is blocked.
20 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Womens Health” Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.
Microinfusion therapy and testosterone use may cause scalp inflammation, requiring early recognition and treatment.
Testosterone's health effects are complex and not definitively understood.
12 citations
,
October 2018 in “Aging male/The aging male” Higher BMI and lower testosterone are linked to more aggressive prostate cancer.
9 citations
,
April 2021 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy is effective and safe for women with low sexual desire, but it's hard to access.
November 2025 in “BMC Endocrine Disorders” The TT/DHT ratio may help identify PCOS patients with severe metabolic issues.
December 2020 in “Journal of Skin and Sexually Transmitted Diseases” No strong link between testosterone or DHEAS levels and acne or hair loss in females.
10 citations
,
July 2022 in “Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Association” Vitamins B3, B6, C, and iron intake affect hormone levels in women with certain types of PCOS.
April 2024 in “JCEM case reports” A woman's rare benign tumor that released both cortisol and testosterone was successfully removed, improving her health.
Hair and nails can show hormone changes during puberty in dogs.
39 citations
,
November 2021 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone replacement is recommended for men with low testosterone levels and symptoms of hypogonadism.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Lifestyle changes and environmental strategies can help address declining testosterone levels.
May 2023 in “IntechOpen eBooks” More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.
December 2024 in “Frontiers in Neurology” Testosterone with finasteride improved muscle and bone health in men with spinal cord injury.
63 citations
,
January 2010 in “Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience” 3α-androstanediol helps reduce age-related cognitive and mood declines in male rats, unlike testosterone.
3 citations
,
March 2025 in “Endocrine Connections” Higher DHT levels are linked to more acne in adolescents, especially boys.