April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” CD8+ T cells attack hair follicle stem cells, causing scarring and hair loss.
13 citations
,
February 1995 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Gamma/delta T cells help defend skin against heavy metals.
7 citations
,
October 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” A humanized CXCL12 antibody may delay and treat alopecia areata by altering the immune response.
13 citations
,
June 2012 in “European journal of medical genetics” Identical twins had different symptoms because one had more cells with an extra chromosome fragment in different tissues.
November 2025 in “The Journal of Immunology” BTNL2 helps protect hair follicles from immune attacks, which could aid in treating alopecia areata.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” γδ T cells can prevent and treat alopecia areata, offering a new therapy option.
28 citations
,
May 2012 in “Experimental Dermatology”
November 2025 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” CD25+ CD4+ Tregs and certain plasma proteins are linked to hair loss.
BCG injection helps reduce long COVID symptoms and affects hair loss differently in men and women.
21 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of cutaneous pathology” People with alopecia areata have fewer regulatory T-cells than those with other skin conditions.
Higher PD-1 levels mean fewer CD8+ T cells in alopecia areata hair follicles.
60 citations
,
September 2015 in “Expert Review of Clinical Immunology” Lymphocytes, especially CD8+ T cells, play a key role in causing alopecia areata, and targeting them may lead to new treatments.
6 citations
,
March 2005 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Follicular dystrophy in immunocompromised patients may be linked to medication or viral factors and can improve with treatment changes.
August 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” TAGX-0003 protected hair follicles and reversed alopecia areata in a mouse model.
69 citations
,
February 2008 in “The American journal of pathology” Controlled delivery of specific RNA and IL-4 restored hair growth in mice with autoimmune alopecia.
May 2023 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology” BCG site reactions after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination are mild, temporary, and likely under-reported.
6 citations
,
May 2013 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Autoimmune reactions may cause both alopecia areata and HAM.
21 citations
,
December 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” T-cells in alopecia areata scalp show abnormal regulation, leading to less inflammation.
ILC1-like cells may contribute to hair loss in alopecia areata and could be new treatment targets.
December 2025 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” Keratin 19 may help diagnose and treat certain types of permanent hair loss.
A 72-year-old man was diagnosed with a rare skin form of Rosai-Dorfman disease after years of misdiagnosis.
November 2025 in “The Journal of Immunology” A humanized IL-2 fusion protein boosts T regulatory cells and helps control hair loss in Alopecia Areata.
34 citations
,
February 2012 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” Calretinin can help identify certain skin structures and tumors.
14 citations
,
January 2016 in “Experimental and molecular pathology” Giving immune serum from vaccinated mice to mice without T cells prevents infection and tumor growth.
January 2024 in “Inflammation and regeneration” Th22 cells are essential for Tβ15-induced hair growth in mice.
CMV infection increases the risk of GvHD after bone marrow transplants.
11 citations
,
March 2014 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Genetic mutation and carcinogen treatment are both needed for skin cancer to develop in these specific mice.
23 citations
,
September 2020 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Targeting Vδ1+T-cells may help treat alopecia areata.
12 citations
,
March 2016 in “BBA clinical” Increased Toll-like receptors in blood cells may contribute to alopecia areata and could be a target for new treatments.
February 2025 in “PubMed” CS12192 effectively treats alopecia areata with better safety than current options.