April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Mosaic Klinefelter syndrome can affect male fertility and may be missed in routine tests.
January 1995 in “Adolescent and pediatric gynecology” Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause different levels of androgen insensitivity, making it hard to create simple tests for the condition.
October 2022 in “Hair Transplantation” Male pattern hair loss is mainly caused by genetics and hormones, especially DHT.
195 citations
,
June 2005 in “American Journal of Human Genetics” Genetic variation in the androgen receptor gene mainly causes early-onset hair loss, with maternal inheritance playing a key role.
50 citations
,
March 2001 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Genes and hormones cause hair loss, with four genes contributing equally.
24 citations
,
January 2018 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology” Androgenetic alopecia is mainly caused by genetic factors and increased androgen activity, leading to hair follicle miniaturization.
5 citations
,
August 2014 in “Archivos Argentinos de Pediatria” A girl with Turner syndrome had psoriasis, alopecia areata, and trachyonychia.
2 citations
,
October 2020 in “Annals of Oncology” Men may be more vulnerable to severe COVID-19 due to genetic and hormonal factors, but more research is needed.
2 citations
,
July 2016 in “Pharmacopsychiatry” A person with Turner Syndrome showed severe schizophrenia that didn't respond to treatment and had brain shrinkage.
2 citations
,
August 2014 in “Archivos argentinos de pediatría” A 6-year-old girl with Turner syndrome also had psoriasis, alopecia areata, and trachyonychia.
1 citations
,
November 2025 in “Aging Cell” EDA2R is a key gene linked to ageing and diseases, and targeting it may help treat conditions like hair loss and chronic diseases.
1 citations
,
September 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Men have worse COVID-19 outcomes than women due to genetic and hormonal differences.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.
July 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Dermatologists give better information on pathology forms, hypersensitivity vasculitis is a common skin issue, misdiagnoses can occur, and various skin conditions are linked to loss of elastin or genetic factors.
June 2008 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that permanent hair loss conditions are complex, require early specific treatments, and "secondary permanent alopecias" might be a more accurate term than "secondary cicatricial alopecia."
February 2018 in “PubMed” Society's pressure to have children later in life favors genes that increase the risk of early baldness in male offspring.
AGA is caused by genetics and androgens, treatable with finasteride and minoxidil.
13 citations
,
June 2012 in “European journal of medical genetics” Identical twins had different symptoms because one had more cells with an extra chromosome fragment in different tissues.
4 citations
,
July 2012 in “Genesis” The Megsin-Cre transgene is a new tool for genetic manipulation in the skin and upper digestive tract.
5 citations
,
February 2003 in “American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A” A chromosomal change may cause ectodermal dysplasia and developmental issues in a child.
23 citations
,
February 2004 in “Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology” A boy with chromosome 13q deletion syndrome developed eye cancer, a woman with breast cancer lost vision due to a rare side-effect of her treatment, a man's vision worsened after using a hair loss drug, and two rare disorders were discussed. Optical Coherence Tomography is useful for diagnosing and monitoring these conditions.
3 citations
,
April 2015 in “AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY” Certain genetic markers on the Y-chromosome may influence prostate cancer risk in Iraqi males.
1 citations
,
November 1983 in “The Lancet” Acute leukemias with the Philadelphia chromosome may be biphenotypic, and identifying this is important for proper treatment.
41 citations
,
January 2022 in “Clinical Immunology” Females are more prone to lupus and arthritis due to X chromosome factors.
6 citations
,
June 2018 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Humans have ancient DNA from Neanderthals and other lineages in their chromosomes, affecting traits and evolution.
1 citations
,
April 2022 in “AACE clinical case reports” A 36-year-old person with a female appearance but male chromosomes was diagnosed with a rare enzyme deficiency affecting sexual development.
Long-term finasteride use may affect sperm structure and chromosomes.
61 citations
,
September 1994 in “Journal of Medical Genetics” Pachyonychia congenita is linked to a keratin gene on chromosome 17.
13 citations
,
June 2006 in “Pituitary” A woman with acromegaloidism and normal growth hormone levels had a rare X-Tetrasomy, suggesting a need to study X-chromosome genes for their role in growth and facial development.
5 citations
,
March 2005 in “Pediatric dermatology” Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans is a rare genetic disorder causing skin and hair issues, often inherited through the X chromosome.