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GlossaryCyclosporine

immunosuppressive drug used to prevent organ rejection and treat autoimmune diseases

Cyclosporine, also known as cyclosporin A or CsA, is an immunosuppressive drug primarily used to prevent organ transplant rejection and to treat certain autoimmune conditions. It works by inhibiting the activity of T-cells, a type of white blood cell involved in the immune response. In dermatology, cyclosporine has been explored for its potential to treat severe cases of alopecia areata, a condition characterized by sudden hair loss.

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A Multicenter Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial on the Efficacy of Oral Ciclosporin A in the Treatment of Canine Idiopathic Sebaceous Adenitis Compared with Conventional Topical Treatment

research A multicentre placebo‐controlled clinical trial on the efficacy of oral ciclosporin A in the treatment of canine idiopathic sebaceous adenitis in comparison with conventional topical treatment

24 citations , May 2010 in “Veterinary dermatology”

Oral ciclosporin A and topical treatments both reduce hair loss and scaling in dogs with sebaceous adenitis, but using both together is most effective.

Exfoliative Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus in German Shorthaired Pointer Dogs: Disease Development, Progression, and Evaluation of Three Immunomodulatory Drugs (Ciclosporin, Hydroxychloroquine, and Adalimumab) in a Controlled Environment

research Exfoliative cutaneous lupus erythematosus in German shorthaired pointer dogs: disease development, progression and evaluation of three immunomodulatory drugs (ciclosporin, hydroxychloroquine, and adalimumab) in a controlled environment

21 citations , April 2010 in “Veterinary Dermatology”

Hydroxychloroquine showed some potential, but overall, the three drugs had limited success in treating lupus in dogs.

research Successful treatment of sebaceous adenitis in a rabbit with ciclosporin and triglycerides

13 citations , December 2008 in “Veterinary dermatology”

A rabbit with sebaceous adenitis was effectively treated with ciclosporin and medium-chain triglycerides.

Cyclosporine-Induced Generalized Hypertrichosis in a Transgender Woman Receiving Testosterone Blockers

research Ciclosporin-Induced Generalised Hypertrichosis in a Transgender Woman Receiving Testosterone Blockers

February 2026 in “Cureus”

Ciclosporin can cause excessive hair growth even with testosterone blockers.

research The use of cyclosporine in dermatology: Part I

131 citations , November 2010 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Cyclosporine is effective for skin conditions but has declined in use due to toxicity concerns.

A Murine Model for Inducing and Manipulating Hair Follicle Regression: Effects of Dexamethasone and Cyclosporin A

research A Murine Model for Inducing and Manipulating Hair Follicle Regression (Catagen): Effects of Dexamethasone and Cyclosporin A

124 citations , August 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Dexamethasone speeds up hair loss in mice, while cyclosporin A slows it down.

research Cyclosporin A: a new drug in the field of canine dermatology

84 citations , March 2004 in “Veterinary Dermatology”

Cyclosporin is effective in treating dog skin diseases and has fewer side effects compared to other treatments.

research Topical Cyclosporine in Alopecia Areata

69 citations , February 1987 in “Archives of Dermatology”

Topical cyclosporine lotion led to hair regrowth in a man with alopecia universalis.

Identifying Novel Strategies for Treating Human Hair Loss Disorders: Cyclosporine A Suppresses the Wnt Inhibitor, SFRP1, in the Dermal Papilla of Human Scalp Hair Follicles

research Identifying novel strategies for treating human hair loss disorders: Cyclosporine A suppresses the Wnt inhibitor, SFRP1, in the dermal papilla of human scalp hair follicles

68 citations , May 2018 in “PLOS Biology”

Cyclosporine A may help treat hair loss by blocking a protein that inhibits hair growth.

research Management of patients and side effects during cyclosporine therapy for cutaneous disorders

64 citations , December 1990 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Cyclosporine can treat skin conditions but needs careful monitoring for side effects.

research Cyclosporin: applications in small animal dermatology

59 citations , February 2003 in “Veterinary Dermatology”

Cyclosporin is effective for treating skin conditions in small animals, but requires careful dosing and monitoring for side effects.

Cyclosporin A-Induced Hair Growth in Mice Is Associated with Inhibition of Calcineurin-Dependent Activation of NFAT in Follicular Keratinocytes

research Cyclosporin A-induced hair growth in mice is associated with inhibition of calcineurin-dependent activation of NFAT in follicular keratinocytes

57 citations , June 2003 in “American Journal of Physiology-cell Physiology”

Cyclosporin A helps mice grow hair by blocking a specific protein activity in skin cells.

research Cyclosporine-induced folliculodystrophy

56 citations , January 2004 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Cyclosporine can cause a unique skin condition called "cyclosporine-induced folliculodystrophy."

research Hair growth-stimulating effects of cyclosporin A and FK506, potent immunosuppressants

54 citations , July 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

FK506 may stimulate hair growth when applied to the skin.

research Cyclosporin A Promotes Hair Epithelial Cell Proliferation and Modulates Protein Kinase C Expression and Translocation in Hair Epithelial Cells

45 citations , September 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Cyclosporin A promotes hair cell growth and affects protein kinase C levels.

research Cyclosporine for moderate-to-severe alopecia areata: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of efficacy and safety

44 citations , April 2019 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

Cyclosporine showed some improvement in alopecia areata but results were not statistically significant.

research Three cases of immune‐mediated adnexal skin disease treated with cyclosporin

36 citations , January 2006 in “Veterinary Dermatology”

Cyclosporin effectively and safely treated skin diseases in three pets with no side effects.

research Efficacy of combined cyclosporine A and ketoconazole treatment of anal furunculosis

36 citations , May 2004 in “The journal of small animal practice/Journal of small animal practice”

Combining cyclosporine A and ketoconazole can effectively treat anal furunculosis in dogs, with some experiencing recurrences and mild side effects.

Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia in Mice: Induction by Cyclophosphamide, Inhibition by Cyclosporine A, and Modulation by Dexamethasone

research Chemotherapy-induced alopecia in mice. Induction by cyclophosphamide, inhibition by cyclosporine A, and modulation by dexamethasone.

36 citations , April 1994 in “PubMed”

Cyclosporine A slows down hair loss from chemotherapy in mice, while dexamethasone increases hair loss but speeds up regrowth.

research Differences in activity of minoxidil and cyclosporin A on hair growth in nude and normal mice. Comparisons of in vivo and in vitro studies.

35 citations , January 1990 in “PubMed”

Cyclosporin A boosts hair growth in nude mice, but minoxidil does not.

Effects of Cyclosporine A on Clinical and Histologic Abnormalities in Dogs with Sebaceous Adenitis

research Topical application of cyclosporin A induces rapid-remodeling of damaged anagen hair follicles produced in cyclophosphamide administered mice

24 citations , September 2001 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

Cyclosporin A helps damaged hair follicles regrow hair quickly.

Alopecia Areata Presenting in Two Kidney-Pancreas Transplant Recipients Taking Cyclosporine

research Alopecia areata presenting in 2 kidney-pancreas transplant recipients taking cyclosporine

23 citations , October 2005 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Two transplant patients on cyclosporine unexpectedly developed hair loss.

research LONG-TERM SURVIVAL OF SKIN ALLOGRAFTS IN RATS TREATED WITH TOPIC AL CYCLOSPORINE

22 citations , July 1987 in “Transplantation”

Topical cyclosporine significantly extends skin graft survival in rats.

Combination Therapy with Cyclosporine and Psoralen Plus Ultraviolet A in Patients with Severe Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Study with a Self-Controlled Design

research Combination Therapy with Cyclosporine and Psoralen Plus Ultraviolet A in the Patients with Severe Alopecia Areata: A Retrospective Study with a Self-Controlled Design

21 citations , January 2013 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology”

The combination of cyclosporine and PUVA might help treat severe alopecia areata.