February 2026 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” 3D human skin models show promise for dermatology but face challenges in standardization and cost.
December 2025 in “Advanced Healthcare Materials” The Spherical Skin Model improves drug and cosmetic testing by accurately mimicking human skin for efficient compound screening.
13 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” 51 citations
,
September 2012 in “Biomacromolecules” Disulfide bonds make keratin in hair stronger and tougher.
221 citations
,
June 1999 in “In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal”
33 citations
,
April 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” Stress in hair follicle stem cells causes inflammation in a chronic skin condition through a specific immune response pathway.
The plant extract helped increase hair growth in men without severe side effects.
53 citations
,
July 2021 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Geranium pyrenaicum extracts show potential for cancer, antiviral, and enzyme inhibition treatments.
14 citations
,
September 2024 in “Cosmetics” Exosomes and cell culture-conditioned media improve skin quality and reduce aging signs.
3 citations
,
August 2024 in “Cosmetics” A botanical extract blend improved skin and scalp health in women working outdoors.
May 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Wheat extract supplements reduce hair shedding and improve growth in women with hair loss.
January 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” The 2015 Hair Research Congress concluded that stem cells, maraviroc, and simvastatin could potentially treat Alopecia Areata, topical minoxidil, finasteride, and steroids could treat Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia, and PTGDR2 antagonists could also treat alopecia. They also found that low-level light therapy could help with hair loss, a robotic device could assist in hair extraction, and nutrition could aid hair growth. They suggested that Alopecia Areata is an inflammatory disorder, not a single disease, indicating a need for personalized treatments.
4 citations
,
January 2022 in “Life” Tissue engineering could be a future solution for hair loss, but it's currently expensive, complex, and hard to apply in real-world treatments.
June 2025 in “Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology” Herbal remedies may help with hair loss but need more research.
44 citations
,
March 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” A wide range of proteins are integrated into the skin's protective layer.
425 citations
,
August 2002 in “BioEssays” The cornified cell envelope forms a protective barrier in skin and hair, using specific proteins and lipids to maintain effectiveness.
161 citations
,
June 1993 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Trichohyalin helps in hair and skin cell structure and function by binding calcium and linking proteins.
2 citations
,
January 1993 Trichohyalin is a versatile protein involved in hair and skin structure.
23 citations
,
January 1986 Involucrin is crucial for skin cell maturation and protection.
36 citations
,
January 2004 in “European journal of cell biology” Without keratin 10, there's more growth and development of oil-producing skin cells.
February 1990 in “PubMed” Hair follicle cells and skin cells differ in keratinization and other features.
Lysine carboxymethyl cysteinate (LCC) protects skin from UVB damage by activating autophagy.
August 2015 in “Free Radical Biology and Medicine” Nrf2 helps protect skin from damage but too much can cause skin problems.
January 2017 in “Durham e-Theses (Durham University)” Chemical stressors damage hair structure but the skin's outer layer protects living cells.
28 citations
,
August 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” TG5 helps maintain hair follicle health, while TG3 aids in hair shaft development.
108 citations
,
October 2003 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Trichohyalin makes hair follicles stronger.
58 citations
,
December 2000 in “Experimental Dermatology” Involucrin is a useful marker for keratinocyte differentiation in mice.
22 citations
,
November 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cystatin M/E helps in the final stages of hair and nail formation by controlling certain enzymes.
1 citations
,
January 1989 in “The Nishinihon Journal of Dermatology” Minoxidil does not prevent aging in hair follicle cells.
January 2016 in “Experimental Dermatology” New findings suggest potential treatments for melanoma, hyperpigmentation, hair defects, and multiple sclerosis, and show skin microbiome changes don't cause atopic dermatitis.