February 2022 in “Cosmetic Dermatology” Healthy skin prevents water loss and protects against threats.
65 citations
,
December 2000 in “PubMed” The biology of skin and hair is complex and not fully understood.
30 citations
,
November 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” The lipid in human hair follicles acts as a barrier, similar to the skin's lipid layer.
44 citations
,
October 1990 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The connective tissue around hair follicles changes structure throughout the hair cycle.
64 citations
,
April 1992 in “Differentiation” Sciellin is a protein that helps form protective layers in skin, hair, and nails.
28 citations
,
August 1992 in “Differentiation” A new pair of mouse keratins, 65 kD and 48 kD, are found in specific skin areas and are linked to a unique skin differentiation type.
27 citations
,
July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”
June 2023 in “Experimental dermatology” Pubic hair has a thicker, more protective outer layer than scalp hair, possibly due to evolution.
277 citations
,
October 1982 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Basal-cell epitheliomas and the pilosebaceous tract share a unique keratin, distinguishing them from other skin areas.
86 citations
,
May 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A new keratin, hK6irs1, is found in all layers of the hair follicle's inner root sheath.
August 2024 in “Microscopy Research and Technique” The study identifies the pheromone gland's location and structure in Endoclita vietnamensis, aiding future pest control methods.
375 citations
,
June 2013 in “Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research” Cornification is how skin cells die to form the protective outer layer of skin, hair, and nails.
22 citations
,
December 2016 in “PloS one” A specific protein in chicken embryos links early skin layers to feather development.
January 1995 in “Skin Cancer” The outer root sheath in hair follicles changes during growth, with different keratinization processes in its layers.
34 citations
,
August 1966 in “Experimental cell research” Keratin fibrils in hair form and stop growing at specific points in the follicle.
7 citations
,
May 2024 in “Tissue Barriers” The skin's outer layer relies on lipids and proteins to protect against damage.
23 citations
,
January 2023 in “Journal of Developmental Biology” Reptile skin protects and prevents water loss, helping them adapt to land.
48 citations
,
July 1993 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Merkel cells are abundant in facial vellus hair follicles, especially during the anagen phase.
10 citations
,
July 1984 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Epidermal cysts come from the skin, while pilar cysts come from hair follicles.
130 citations
,
April 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Four specific keratins in hair follicles help understand hair structure and function.
22 citations
,
November 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cystatin M/E helps in the final stages of hair and nail formation by controlling certain enzymes.
March 2015 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery” Human skin has multiple layers and functions, with key roles in protection, temperature control, and appearance.
24 citations
,
September 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” The study found that hair follicles are above muscle connections in the scalp, which may help protect stem cell areas.
17 citations
,
January 2013 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The onychodermis helps anchor the nail bed and may aid in nail formation.
26 citations
,
January 1964 in “Experimental Cell Research”
February 2023 in “Mağallaẗ Tikrīt li-l-ʻulūm al-ṣirfaẗ/Tikrit journal of pure science” Horse skin has a layered epidermis, a dermis with hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands, and is supplied by small arteries.
18 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
110 citations
,
August 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The ventral matrix is the main source of the nail plate.
April 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” CTCF protein is essential for skin and hair follicle development in mice.
29 citations
,
December 2004 in “Developmental biology” cDermo-1 causes dense skin, feathers, and scales in chickens.