22 citations
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November 2008 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Cystatin M/E helps in the final stages of hair and nail formation by controlling certain enzymes.
March 2015 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery” Human skin has multiple layers and functions, with key roles in protection, temperature control, and appearance.
24 citations
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September 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” The study found that hair follicles are above muscle connections in the scalp, which may help protect stem cell areas.
17 citations
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January 2013 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The onychodermis helps anchor the nail bed and may aid in nail formation.
26 citations
,
January 1964 in “Experimental Cell Research”
February 2023 in “Mağallaẗ Tikrīt li-l-ʻulūm al-ṣirfaẗ/Tikrit journal of pure science” Horse skin has a layered epidermis, a dermis with hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands, and is supplied by small arteries.
18 citations
,
January 2018 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Hair keratins evolved from ancient proteins, diversifying through gene changes, crucial for forming claws and later hair in mammals.
110 citations
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August 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The ventral matrix is the main source of the nail plate.
April 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” CTCF protein is essential for skin and hair follicle development in mice.
29 citations
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December 2004 in “Developmental biology” cDermo-1 causes dense skin, feathers, and scales in chickens.
1 citations
,
March 2017 in “Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego” Domestic cat hair varies in thickness and length, with guard hairs being longest and thickest, and all hair types mainly contain keratin.
January 1996 in “TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES” Brown bear skin has two main layers, with the thickest skin on the back and thinnest on the belly.
45 citations
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December 2007 in “The FASEB journal” There are two types of stem cells in rodent hair follicles, each with different keratin proteins.
44 citations
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March 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” A wide range of proteins are integrated into the skin's protective layer.
9 citations
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July 2019 in “Folia Morphologica” Brandt's hedgehog has thick skin on its back and many glands near its nostrils.
December 2004 in “Differentiation” 17 citations
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May 1969 in “American Journal of Physical Anthropology” The silver marmoset's skin is thin, lacks pigment cells, and has unique features like keratinized spines and specialized glands.
December 2021 in “Journal of natural fibers” The conclusion is that new methods for isolating hair cuticle cells and removing the cuticle layer are effective and convenient.
187 citations
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May 1988 in “Differentiation” Trichocytic cytokeratins are found in hair, nails, tongue, and thymus cells, showing complex regulation in tissue development.
9 citations
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July 2008 in “Archives of Dermatological Research”
40 citations
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December 2012 in “PLoS ONE” Removing Ctip2 in skin cells causes skin inflammation similar to atopic dermatitis.
165 citations
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September 2001 in “Genes & development” CDP is crucial for lung and hair follicle cell development.
Pangolin scales evolved for protection, hardening with age, due to keratin gene diversification.
July 2025 in “Bioma Berkala Ilmiah Biologi” Wild boar skin from Timor Island has three layers with various structures like hair follicles and glands.
5 citations
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January 2016 in “Stem Cells International” Certain skin cells near the base of hair muscles may help renew and stabilize skin, possibly affecting skin disorder understanding.
20 citations
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September 2004 in “Journal of Anatomy” The inner root sheath evolved to help hair grow safely through the skin in mammals.
January 2020 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” The skin has two main layers, the epidermis and dermis, which work together and are essential for diagnosing skin conditions.
60 citations
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December 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” K6hf is found in specific parts of hair follicles, nails, and tongue, and is linked to hair growth and structure.
21 citations
,
December 2015 in “European journal of cell biology” Tight junctions create a barrier in pig hair follicles that controls what can enter the skin.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The protein CTCF is essential for skin development, maintaining hair follicles, and preventing inflammation.