187 citations
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May 1988 in “Differentiation” Trichocytic cytokeratins are found in hair, nails, tongue, and thymus cells, showing complex regulation in tissue development.
23 citations
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January 2018 in “PLoS ONE” The Wnt signaling pathways change significantly during chick feather development, especially between days 6 and 14.
1 citations
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July 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A 4kb fragment of the desmocollin 3 promoter targets gene expression to specific skin and hair follicle areas.
19 citations
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April 1999 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Keratin 2e shows a unique pattern in developing fetal skin, different from other keratins.
7 citations
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January 1992 in “Acta Histochemica” Porcine and human pilosebaceous units are very similar.
6 citations
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October 2009 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Canine claws have complex structures with different keratin types, similar to hair and nails.
92 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The Celsr1 gene is crucial for normal hair patterning in mice.
3 citations
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June 2020 in “Developmental Cell” Feather patterns are influenced by enhancers and chromatin looping, and the structure of protein complexes important for hair growth has been detailed.
1 citations
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October 2023 in “PROTOPLASMA”
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January 1998 in “ACTA HISTOCHEMICA ET CYTOCHEMICA” Hair keratins are mainly on macrofibrils in the cortex and in the endocuticle in the cuticle.
8 citations
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May 2005 in “The American journal of dermatopathology/American journal of dermatopathology” The hair defect is due to abnormal inner root sheath keratinization.
20 citations
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September 2004 in “Journal of Anatomy” The inner root sheath evolved to help hair grow safely through the skin in mammals.
31 citations
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September 1996 in “Differentiation” The upper dermal sheath can regenerate hair in rats.
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December 2018 in “Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B Molecular and Developmental Evolution” Corneous beta-proteins evolved uniquely in reptiles and birds, forming scales, claws, beaks, and feathers.
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December 2012 in “PLoS ONE” Removing Ctip2 in skin cells causes skin inflammation similar to atopic dermatitis.
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September 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Each group of hair follicles on the scalp shares one muscle that helps control hair movement.
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January 2018 in “Development” Frizzled 3 and Frizzled 6 together control the orientation of mouse hair follicles.
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February 2014 in “Experimental Cell Research” The conclusion is that teeth, hair, and claws have similar stem cell niches, which are important for growth and repair, and more research is needed on their regulation and potential markers.
44 citations
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May 2008 in “Acta Zoologica” Keratinization in embryos helped vertebrates adapt to land by forming a protective skin barrier.
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245 citations
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January 1998 in “Genes & Development” Hoxc13 gene is essential for hair, nail, and papilla development.
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September 2006 in “Birth Defects Research” Different processes create patterns in skin and things like hair and feathers.
64 citations
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April 1992 in “Differentiation” Sciellin is a protein that helps form protective layers in skin, hair, and nails.
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December 2013 in “Seminars in cell & developmental biology” Skin varies in thickness, color, and features due to complex genetic and cellular processes.
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December 1972 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 1 citations
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March 2017 in “Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego” Domestic cat hair varies in thickness and length, with guard hairs being longest and thickest, and all hair types mainly contain keratin.
December 2004 in “Differentiation”
16 citations
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January 2005 in “The International Journal of Developmental Biology” Hex gene plays a crucial role in starting feather development in chick embryos.