May 2020 in “JAAD case reports” Using anthralin and calcipotriene together might help treat tough cases of alopecia areata, but more research is needed to understand how it works.
March 2005 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Higher levels of IL-1a and IL-1RA were found in severe alopecia areata cases.
8 citations
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March 2014 in “American Journal of Pathology” Damaged hair follicles make mice more prone to skin inflammation and skin cancer after UV exposure.
249 citations
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November 2018 in “Cell” TNFα helps grow and maintain liver cells in 3D culture for a long time.
134 citations
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January 2011 in “Development” Adam10 enzyme is crucial for healthy skin and proper Notch signaling.
102 citations
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July 2007 in “Genes & Development” A mother's PPARγ is crucial for preventing harmful milk that can cause inflammation and growth problems in babies.
86 citations
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May 2008 in “Cytokine & growth factor reviews” TNF family proteins are crucial for the development of skin features like hair, teeth, and mammary glands.
71 citations
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May 2007 in “The FASEB journal” Human hair follicles produce and respond to erythropoietin, helping protect against stress.
59 citations
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July 2015 in “Journal of Immunology” Certain proteins, caspases-1 and -11, are important in the early development of skin inflammation in mice.
48 citations
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January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cytokines and neuropeptides are key in controlling androgen levels, affecting skin and hair conditions.
46 citations
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April 2008 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Substance P may worsen acne by increasing inflammation, but corticosteroids might help by reducing this effect.
44 citations
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September 2014 in “Cell Death & Differentiation” Tumor suppressors help control inflammation in cancer and restoring their function could lead to new treatments.
40 citations
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August 2022 in “Frontiers in immunology” Blocking JAK/STAT pathways can help treat hair loss from alopecia areata.
31 citations
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July 2017 in “Clinical Science” MicroRNAs are important for skin health and could be targets for new skin disorder treatments.
23 citations
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December 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” IL-1 family cytokines are crucial for skin defense and healing, but their imbalance can cause skin diseases.
18 citations
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January 2019 in “European journal of histochemistry” Cattle skin has leptin which might control skin and hair growth.
17 citations
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September 2020 in “Inflammation and Regeneration” WNT activation in scalp fibroblasts boosts hair growth by increasing FGF9.
13 citations
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August 2017 in “Journal of Cellular Physiology” PD‐L1 and PD‐L2 may not effectively control immune activation in alopecia areata.
10 citations
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March 2022 in “Communications biology” A new non-invasive method can analyze skin mRNA to understand skin diseases better.
6 citations
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November 2018 in “Histochemistry and Cell Biology” Mongolian gerbils heal wounds differently than mice, with unique protein levels and gene expression that affect skin repair.
3 citations
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January 2023 in “PloS one” Implanting hair-follicle stem cells in mice brains helped repair brain bleeding and reduced brain inflammation.
3 citations
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April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Tofacitinib, a JAK inhibitor, improved hair regrowth in most patients with severe alopecia areata and had minimal side effects.
3 citations
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January 2005 in “Photochemistry and Photobiology” Protein kinase C epsilon may promote skin cancer development after UV exposure by affecting nearby cells.
1 citations
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January 2022 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” Higher CD70 and CD27 gene expression in alopecia areata lesions predicts disease severity and activity.
The study found that different genes are active in cashmere goats' hair growth stages, which can help improve cashmere production.
December 2025 in “Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences” FOXA1 and CCL2 genes are more active in women with PCOS, varying by phenotype.
December 2025 in “Academic Journal of Science and Technology” Mesenchymal stem cells can effectively aid skin healing and anti-aging.
October 2025 in “Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Targeting specific cell interactions may help treat skin fibrosis.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Fisetin may help treat psoriasis and reduce skin inflammation.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” SM04755 may be an effective topical treatment for psoriasis.