September 2025 in “Animals” Key proteins and pathways are crucial for wool fineness, but more research is needed.
18 citations
,
February 2006 in “Genomics” A new genetic mutation in mice causes permanent hair loss and skin wrinkling.
76 citations
,
December 2011 in “Journal of Cell Science” Different keratin types have unique amino acid patterns that are evolutionarily conserved.
Key genes for mink fur have been identified, aiding conservation efforts.
2 citations
,
April 2025 in “Cells” Heat preconditioning does not improve nanofat's ability to form blood vessels.
8 citations
,
May 2020 in “International journal of biological macromolecules” Certain treatments can increase protein binding to natural hair but are less effective on permed hair.
12 citations
,
August 1984 in “Genetics Research” The N gene affects the protein makeup of mouse hair.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Human TMEM2 does not break down hyaluronan but helps control its metabolism.
125 citations
,
February 1971 in “Biochemistry” Specific cross-linkages help make hair proteins stable and strong.
February 2025 in “Journal of Forensic Sciences” Sonication washing reduces nuclei in hair roots, affecting DNA extraction.
46 citations
,
April 1971 in “American Journal of Clinical Nutrition” Lack of protein causes hair root damage, but it can be reversed by eating protein again.
11 citations
,
April 2022 in “Biophysical Journal” Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.
29 citations
,
August 2005 in “Biopolymers” L-cysteine slows down the breaking of bonds in hair due to electrostatic interactions.
October 2024 in “Cosmetics” ATG effectively reduces hair frizz without damaging hair strength.
January 2009 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Panthenol is more effective than hydrolyzed protein at improving hair roughness and reducing breakage.
5 citations
,
September 2018 in “International journal of genomics” Genetic mutations that disrupt homocysteine breakdown lead to increased damage in mouse hair keratin.
May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Permanent waving damages hair protein and weakens hair, especially with repeated treatments using sodium thioglycolate.
November 2022 in “International journal of trichology” Glyoxylic acid straighteners cause more protein loss but have similar hair strength effects as traditional alkaline straighteners.
2 citations
,
January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Washing permed hair after using thioglycolic acid helps reform strong bonds, making hair stronger.
November 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Haircare products with a pH between 5 and 7 are best for maintaining healthy hair.
5 citations
,
July 2014 in “Acta Crystallographica Section D-biological Crystallography” Mutations in the enzyme don't significantly change how it binds to its specific substances.
17 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Drug Delivery” PEG and keratin scaffolds can effectively deliver protein drugs by controlling release based on pH levels.
November 2025 in “Analytical Chemistry” A new method improves protein extraction from hair, helping identify potential biomarkers for fetal growth issues.
1 citations
,
December 2024 in “Methods in molecular biology” Hair proteins are complex and provide valuable genetic and biological information.
1 citations
,
June 2014 in “[Thesis]. Manchester, UK: The University of Manchester; 2014.” Chemical modifications can alter hair's stability and flexibility, with hydrophobic interactions helping maintain structure in humid conditions.
3 citations
,
October 2024 in “Animals” Crimped wool has proteins linked to crimp formation, while straight wool has proteins linked to fiber fineness, which can improve wool quality and value.
10 citations
,
January 1994 Hair can be straightened using different chemicals, not just strong alkali.
69 citations
,
January 2009 in “Advances in Materials Science and Engineering” Wool keratin is reactive, biocompatible, biodegradable, and can model keratin from other sources.
1 citations
,
January 2013 in “PubMed” Permanent wave treatment with thioglycolic acid changes hair structure by altering disulfide bonds.
February 2025 in “Intisari Sains Medis” PDRN from salmon may slow skin aging by improving skin quality and reducing inflammation.