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GlossaryDisease Activity

Disease activity refers to the current state and severity of a disease, particularly in the context of autoimmune conditions that can affect hair loss, such as alopecia areata. It is relevant to hair loss as it helps in assessing the progression or regression of the condition, guiding treatment decisions. Key distinguishing characteristics of disease activity include the presence of new hair loss patches, changes in existing patches, and the overall inflammatory response in the scalp. Monitoring disease activity is crucial for understanding the potential for hair regrowth and the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions.

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Clinical and Trichoscopic Patterns of Hair Loss in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Its Correlation with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index

research Clinical and Trichoscopic Patterns of Hair Loss in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and its Correlation with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)

May 2018

Hair loss in SLE patients is mostly due to chronic telogen effluvium and is linked to moderate disease activity.

Studying the Disease Activity and the Degree of Internal Organ Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients in the Kazakh Population

research LP-159 Studying the disease activity and the degree of internal organ damage in systemic lupus erythematosus patients in the Kazakh population

July 2023

Higher disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus is strongly linked to more internal organ damage.

GPX4 mRNA Levels in Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils Are Negatively Correlated with Autoantibody Production, Disease Activity, and Lupus Alopecia in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

research GPX4 mRNA levels in the PMNs are negatively correlated with autoantibody production, disease activity and lupus alopecia in SLE

April 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

Lower GPX4 mRNA levels are linked to higher disease activity and symptoms in lupus patients.

research 570 Examining cutaneous disease activity as an outcome measure for clinical trials in dermatomyositis

April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Skin disease activity scores can help decide when skin symptoms no longer affect the quality of life in patients with mild dermatomyositis.

research Lichen Planus Activity and Damage Index (LiPADI)–Creation of the Questionnaire

6 citations , December 2021 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine”

LiPADI is a useful tool for monitoring the severity and treatment of lichen planus.

research Evaluation of disease activity and damage in different subtypes of cutaneous lupus erythematosus using the CLASI

19 citations , September 2010 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

The CLASI is useful but needs revision to accurately assess all cutaneous lupus erythematosus subtypes.

research Automated Machine Learning Analysis of Patients With Chronic Skin Disease Using a Medical Smartphone App: Retrospective Study

2 citations , September 2023 in “JMIR. Journal of medical internet research/Journal of medical internet research”

Machine learning can predict symptoms and quality of life in chronic skin disease patients using smartphone app data, and shows that app use varies with patient characteristics.

research Correlation of carotid intima media thickness and aortic stiffness index with androgenetic alopecia

January 2015 in “Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi mecmuası”

Men with severe hair loss may have a higher risk of heart disease.

research Effect of Alexandrite Laser Hair Removal on the Activity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

March 2025 in “Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology”

Laser hair removal is safe for people with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

research Outcome Measures in Cutaneous Autoimmune Disease: Dermatomyositis and Lupus Erythematosus

2 citations , January 2006 in “Technical report”

The document concludes that better tools are needed to measure skin disease severity in dermatomyositis and cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and introduces the DSSI and CLASI as reliable instruments.

research Validation of the Cutaneous Lupus Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI) using physician- and patient-assessed health outcome measures

40 citations , October 2012 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology”

CLASI is a valid tool for assessing skin activity and damage in lupus patients.

research Administration of Nrf-2-Modified Hair-Follicle MSCs Ameliorates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats

3 citations , January 2021 in “Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity”

Nrf-2-modified stem cells from hair follicles significantly improve ulcerative colitis in rats.

research Treatment of an alopecia areata patient with tofacitinib results in regrowth of hair and changes in serum and skin biomarkers

70 citations , April 2016 in “Experimental Dermatology”

A patient with alopecia areata regrew hair after taking tofacitinib and showed changes in certain blood and skin markers.

research Trichoscopic signs in systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparative study with 109 patients and 305 healthy controls

29 citations , January 2019 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology”

Trichoscopy is useful for diagnosing and monitoring systemic lupus erythematosus, with certain hair and scalp changes indicating more active disease.

research Low‐Dose Oral Minoxidil in Lichen Planopilaris: Efficacy and Safety

January 2025 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

Low-dose oral minoxidil may help with symptoms and hair regrowth in lichen planopilaris without serious side effects.

An Open-Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Moderate to Severe Patch-Type Alopecia Areata, Totalis, and Universalis

research An Open-Label Pilot Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Tofacitinib in Moderate to Severe Patch-Type Alopecia Areata, Totalis, and Universalis

130 citations , February 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Tofacitinib may help treat severe hair loss, but more research is needed.

research 277 An open label pilot clinical trial of the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib for alopecia areata

3 citations , April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Tofacitinib, a JAK inhibitor, improved hair regrowth in most patients with severe alopecia areata and had minimal side effects.

research 546 Gene expression signatures and ALADIN score correlates with response of alopecia areata patients to treatment with JAK inhibitors

April 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

The ALADIN score can predict how well patients with alopecia areata will respond to JAK inhibitor treatments.

research Health Benefits, Antioxidant Activity, and Sensory Attributes of Selected Cold-Pressed Oils

July 2023 in “Molecules”

Cold-pressed rapeseed oil is most resistant to oxidation and certain oils may reduce chronic disease risk; consumers like the taste of pumpkin oil best.

research Measures of Adult Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Disease Activity and Damage

44 citations , October 2020 in “Arthritis Care & Research”

Choosing the right tools is crucial for accurately measuring lupus activity and damage.

research M2 Macrophage and Extracellular Matrix Genes Are Enriched in High‐Activity Lichen Planopilaris

January 2025 in “Dermatology Research and Practice”

Higher activity in lichen planopilaris is linked to certain immune and tissue genes.

research Role of direct immunofluorescence on outer root sheath of hair follicle in monitoring disease activity of pemphigus vulgaris

1 citations , September 2017 in “Journal of Pathology of Nepal”

Testing hair roots with a special dye is a simple, non-invasive way to check disease progress in pemphigus vulgaris patients.

Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitor Use in Patients With Lichen Planopilaris: A Retrospective Case Series and Systematic Review

research 151 Efficacy and adverse effects of oral Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) use in patients with lichen planopilaris: a retrospective case series and systematic review

November 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Oral Janus kinase inhibitors may be an effective treatment option for lichen planopilaris with some risk of increased cholesterol and liver enzyme levels.

research Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Improves Cardiometabolic Function in Young Obese Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

105 citations , February 2011 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

Treating sleep apnea in young obese women with PCOS can improve heart health and insulin sensitivity.

research Increased risk of severe course of pemphigus in patients with pemphigus‐associated alopecia: a prospective observational study

2 citations , September 2018 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology”

Pemphigus patients with alopecia have more severe and treatment-resistant disease.

research Baricitinib in the Treatment of Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: Mid Trial Update

November 2025 in “SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine”

Baricitinib shows promise in improving frontal fibrosing alopecia symptoms.

research Overview of common, rare and atypical manifestations of cutaneous lupus erythematosus and histopathological correlates

157 citations , August 2010 in “Lupus”

The document concludes that recognizing and treating cutaneous lupus erythematosus early is crucial for managing the skin and potential systemic symptoms.

research Anti - inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Vitex negundo and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis herbal formulation against oral pathogens

1 citations , September 2025 in “Plant Science Today”

The herbal mix of hibiscus and vitex shows promise for treating autoimmune diseases due to its effectiveness and low toxicity.

research Generic vs. Disease-Specific Patient Reported Outcome (PRO) Instruments for Assessing HRQoL Burden Among Patients Diagnosed with Alopecia Areata: Evidence from TARGET-DERM AA

November 2024 in “SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine”

Disease-specific tools better assess quality of life in alopecia areata patients.

research Nutritional therapy versus 6-mercaptopurine as maintenance therapy in patients with Crohn's disease

68 citations , April 2012 in “Digestive and Liver Disease”

Elental is a good long-term treatment for Crohn's disease, similar to 6-mercaptopurine but with fewer side effects.