77 citations
,
June 2007 in “PLoS ONE” Birds can regenerate inner ear cells using specific gene pathways, unlike mammals.
76 citations
,
May 2007 in “Menopause International” After menopause, women lose a lot of skin collagen, but estrogen replacement might improve skin health.
147 citations
,
April 2004 in “PubMed” Sex steroid receptors are found in specific skin cells, affecting skin and hair functions.
59 citations
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January 2005 in “Endocrine Journal” Sex steroids influence skin appendage function and neoplasm development, with changes in AR and ERalpha in certain gland neoplasms.
56 citations
,
March 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 17β-estradiol can reduce inflammation in the skin.
13 citations
,
August 2016 in “Reproduction” High doses of nandrolone decanoate disrupt ovarian hormones and receptors in rats, with recovery only at lower doses and longer recovery times.
May 2022 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Finasteride may cause sexual dysfunction by reducing epinephrine levels.
January 2004 in “Banca y finanzas: Revista profesional de gestión financiera” Androgens increase pigmentation in certain hamster skin areas, but estrogens can reverse this effect.
July 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Correcting their experiment, the authors confirmed β-estradiol affects hair growth in mice.
January 2016 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” Hormones and neuropeptides affect hair growth, with androgens having opposite effects on beard and scalp hair.
September 2025 in “Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise” Gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery affect gut bacteria differently.
60 citations
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June 1997 in “Baillière's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology” PCOS is often caused by hormonal imbalances that can lead to various health issues and may indicate a risk for future metabolic and cardiovascular problems.
December 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Estrogen increases a growth factor in hair cells which might affect hair loss.
6 citations
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January 2010 in “Neoplasma” Certain gene patterns in breast cancer are linked to how active hormone receptors are and could affect patient survival.
44 citations
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March 2004 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The effects of estrogen on human hair growth are unclear and need more research.
13 citations
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December 2012 in “Frontiers in bioscience” Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.
187 citations
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December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.
130 citations
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June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).
77 citations
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April 2004 in “Gene expression patterns” The three estrogen receptor genes are highly expressed in zebrafish neuromasts during development.
12 citations
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October 2004 in “Experimental Gerontology” Changes in testosterone and estrogen receptor genes can affect how men age, influencing body fat, hair patterns, and possibly leading to skin disorders.
9 citations
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January 2016 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” The study concluded that both estrogen and androgen receptors, which decrease with age, are linked to skin aging and may be hormonally regulated.
January 2019 in “ISGE series” Estrogen helps prevent artery plaque by stopping monocyte capture in blood vessels.
137 citations
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June 2005 in “Climacteric” Estrogen loss during menopause worsens skin health, but hormone replacement therapy may improve it, though more research is needed.
75 citations
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November 2016 in “Medicines” Beta-sitosterol has potential health benefits but needs more research to fully understand its effects and improve its use in treatments.
August 1994 in “Molecular Endocrinology” Changing protein kinase levels in pituitary cells affects calcium flow and beta-endorphin release.
284 citations
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November 1999 in “Neurology” The article suggests managing interferon beta therapy side effects in MS with dose adjustments, medications, and patient education.
August 2025 in “Intisari Sains Medis” The buffy coat method yields higher TGF-β1 levels in PRP, especially in males.
26 citations
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February 2009 in “Drug Development Research” 17α-estradiol is a safe estrogen that might protect the brain and doesn't cause feminization, needing more research for treating brain diseases.
9 citations
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April 2019 in “Molecules” Blackcurrant extract may help reduce hair loss by promoting stem cell activity in hair follicles.
58 citations
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February 2018 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Estrogen helps keep skin healthy and may make women look younger and more attractive.