43 citations
,
January 1999 in “Endocrinology” Cortisol increases a specific protein in bone cells, which may help explain its negative effects on bone.
11 citations
,
June 2005 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Canine hair follicle cells convert progesterone into various metabolites, mainly cortisol.
1 citations
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December 2021 in “American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” Hair cortisol levels peak in the third trimester and decline postpartum.
April 2011 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Hair cortisol is a reliable long-term stress marker during pregnancy.
September 2012 in “European journal of psychotraumatology” A new method accurately measures long-term hormone levels in hair.
February 2020 in “VSNU Open Access deal” Hair cortisol levels change with age, starting high at birth, decreasing until age 6, then rising to adult levels by age 18.
1 citations
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July 2023 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Hair cortisol is a reliable marker of long-term cortisol levels and is linked to daytime saliva cortisol but not morning levels.
46 citations
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September 2011 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Natural 5α-reduced glucocorticoids might be anti-inflammatory with fewer side effects than current options.
April 2026 in “Journal of Experimental Psychopathology” Hair cortisol levels may not reliably indicate psychological distress.
March 2025 in “Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)” Hair cortisol can measure chronic stress but has inconsistent results.
1 citations
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October 2024 in “International Journal of Obesity” 4 citations
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October 2020 in “Therapeutic drug monitoring” Lower tacrolimus levels (4-7 ng/mL) after liver transplant may be safe and improve graft and kidney function.
Hair cortisol levels can effectively indicate long-term hormone activity.
11 citations
,
September 2020 in “Steroids” A new method accurately measures steroid hormones in a few hair strands and could help study chronic stress and hair loss.
4 citations
,
June 2025 in “JMIR Formative Research” Hair cortisol concentration may reflect some physiological stress but doesn't strongly correlate with perceived stress.
February 2026 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Hair cortisol concentration partly reflects HPA axis regulation but doesn't capture all its complexities.
7 citations
,
April 1992 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Women with non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia have higher levels of certain steroids, which can be reduced by treatment.
7 citations
,
April 2013 in “Animal Production Science” Altering maternal cortisol during pregnancy can improve wool growth in Merino sheep.
High-stress mothers had lower hair cortisol than low-stress mothers, and daughters' cortisol was linked to their stress response.
April 2016 in “Annals of laboratory medicine” The method reliably profiles eicosanoids and shows epitestosterone reduces their levels, similar to common anti-inflammatory drugs.
July 2011 in “Neurotoxicology and Teratology” 2 citations
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January 2009 The procedure reliably measures cortisol in rhesus macaque hair.
9 citations
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January 1983 in “Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications” Human hair follicles can assess carcinogen metabolism and imidazole compounds might be effective anticarcinogens.
1 citations
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January 2003 in “Benjamins eBooks” Confinement in farrowing crates doesn't increase chronic stress in sows, but hair cortisol measurements may not reliably indicate stress due to hair growth variations.
1 citations
,
September 2016 in “Brain Behavior and Immunity” Hair cortisol levels can indicate stress and are affected by washing frequency, not cosmetic treatments.
21 citations
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January 2017 in “MethodsX” Methanol is better than isopropanol for washing grizzly bear hair to measure cortisol.
3 citations
,
December 2017 in “Journal of Psychiatric Research” Hair samples can't reliably detect hypercortisolism in anorexia nervosa patients.
41 citations
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January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cortisone reductase deficiency can cause high androgen and cortisol levels and may be missed in women with similar symptoms.
September 2025 in “Journal of Intellectual Disability Research” Measuring hair glucocorticoids for stress is moderately feasible, especially in females and those with moderate intellectual disabilities.
November 2022 in “Innovation in aging” Older adults in Puerto Rico often couldn't be tested for hair cortisol due to refusal or lack of hair, with race and hair products affecting results.