February 2020 in “VSNU Open Access deal” Hair cortisol levels change with age, starting high at birth, decreasing until age 6, then rising to adult levels by age 18.
April 2011 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Hair cortisol is a reliable long-term stress marker during pregnancy.
February 2026 in “TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES” Hair cortisol is better than blood cortisol for measuring long-term stress in pregnant goats.
26 citations
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July 2012 in “Endocrine Connections” Mitotane changes steroid breakdown, affecting cortisol availability.
February 2026 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Hair cortisol concentration partly reflects HPA axis regulation but doesn't capture all its complexities.
Distal hair cortisol is not a reliable measure of early pregnancy cortisol levels.
1 citations
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September 2016 in “Brain Behavior and Immunity” Hair cortisol levels can indicate stress and are affected by washing frequency, not cosmetic treatments.
January 2018 in “Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno)” Hair cortisol levels can indicate chronic stress in children, with differences seen between races.
6 citations
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February 2022 in “European journal of endocrinology” The method can measure multiple hormones in women's hair and may help identify hormone-related health issues.
9 citations
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January 1983 in “Journal of Chromatography B Biomedical Sciences and Applications” Human hair follicles can assess carcinogen metabolism and imidazole compounds might be effective anticarcinogens.
11 citations
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May 2020 in “Frontiers in psychiatry” Child abuse is linked to higher BMI, but not because of hair cortisol or cortisone levels.
41 citations
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January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cortisone reductase deficiency can cause high androgen and cortisol levels and may be missed in women with similar symptoms.
54 citations
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May 2015 in “Endocrinology” Manipulating 5α-reductase type 2 can affect liver fat production and glucocorticoid effects.
April 2026 in “Journal of Experimental Psychopathology” Hair cortisol levels may not reliably indicate psychological distress.
7 citations
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April 1992 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Women with non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia have higher levels of certain steroids, which can be reduced by treatment.
85 citations
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January 2014 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Hair cortisol levels in children increase with age but are not affected by gender, puberty, or hair care.
21 citations
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January 2016 in “NeuroImmunoModulation” Hair cortisol levels can indicate stress over the past three months.
1 citations
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January 2003 in “Benjamins eBooks” Confinement in farrowing crates doesn't increase chronic stress in sows, but hair cortisol measurements may not reliably indicate stress due to hair growth variations.
November 2022 in “Innovation in aging” Older adults in Puerto Rico often couldn't be tested for hair cortisol due to refusal or lack of hair, with race and hair products affecting results.
7 citations
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September 2025 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Hair analytes decrease with storage, so analyze within six months.
4 citations
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June 2025 in “JMIR Formative Research” Hair cortisol concentration may reflect some physiological stress but doesn't strongly correlate with perceived stress.
May 2026 in “Indian Journal of Medical Biochemistry” Hair biomarkers can help assess chronic stress in women's reproductive health but need standardized methods and regional studies.
46 citations
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September 2011 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Natural 5α-reduced glucocorticoids might be anti-inflammatory with fewer side effects than current options.
489 citations
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June 2005 in “The FASEB Journal” Human hair follicles can produce cortisol like the body's stress response system.
19 citations
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September 2010 in “The American journal of pathology” High glucocorticoids cause pancreatic malfunction and malabsorption, reversible with enzyme supplements.
100 citations
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October 2006 in “Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry” A quick method effectively detects banned substances in urine.
2 citations
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December 2021 in “Scientific reports” Scalp hair sweating is a significant predictor of hair cortisol levels.
23 citations
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June 2015 in “Clinica Chimica Acta” Researchers found potential urine markers for polycystic ovary syndrome, including testosterone-glucuronide and 11α-hydroxyprogesterone, which may help diagnose the condition.
7 citations
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April 2022 in “Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis” The method can measure multiple steroids in human hair to study long-term steroid metabolism, especially in newborns and children.
April 2026 in “Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology” Hair cortisol levels may be linked to stress, but results are inconsistent.