January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” 5α-reductase-2 deficiency causes ambiguous genitalia at birth and affects male sexual development, but individuals often develop male characteristics at puberty.
October 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hormonal imbalances in women can cause acne, excess hair growth, and hair loss, needing combined medical and mental health care.
November 1972 in “PubMed” Antiandrogens can help treat female pattern hair loss.
79 citations
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November 2016 in “EMBO Reports” Disruptions in mammary stem cell division can lead to cancer, but targeting these processes might help treat breast cancer.
July 2024 in “Medical Science Monitor” Women with type D personality and PCOS experience more stress and use less effective coping strategies.
12 citations
,
March 2017 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.
August 2022 in “RECISATEC” Female pattern hair loss is common, often starts in the 30s or 40s, worsens after menopause, and can negatively affect quality of life.
June 2015 in “Obstetrics, gynaecology and reproductive medicine” Hirsutism, excessive hair growth in women, is often caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome and is treated by targeting the cause, lifestyle changes, and medication.
2170 citations
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September 2017 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for safe and effective hormone treatment in gender-dysphoric individuals, with specific guidelines for adolescents and adults.
24 citations
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January 2018 in “Development” Frizzled 3 and Frizzled 6 together control the orientation of mouse hair follicles.
37 citations
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December 2020 in “PLANT PHYSIOLOGY” A mutant FERONIA gene affects root hair growth at high temperatures.
51 citations
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April 1999 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone replacement may improve sexual desire and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
May 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” April 2026 in “ScholarWorks (Walden University)” PCOS negatively affects Malaysian women's emotional well-being and social roles.
7 citations
,
February 2003 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Finasteride effectively reduces excess hair in women with certain conditions.
1 citations
,
January 2009 in “Gynecological endocrinology” Hirsutism can be treated with medications or hair removal methods, tailored to each person.
120 citations
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October 2007 in “Clinical Interventions in Aging” Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.
22 citations
,
January 2019 in “Climacteric” Oophorectomy lowers testosterone and estrogen levels in both premenopausal and postmenopausal women, with postmenopausal women still producing significant testosterone.
228 citations
,
January 2021 in “Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology” Men have more severe COVID-19 outcomes than women.
Androgen receptors significantly affect hair loss in women with androgenetic alopecia.
19 citations
,
January 2011 in “Obstetrics and gynecology international” Red clover extract improved hair, skin, mood, sleep, and tiredness in postmenopausal women.
62 citations
,
August 2018 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Androgens are important for normal ovarian function and estrogen production, but may not be the main cause of follicle death.
August 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” PCOS may be influenced by factors in the blood, not just the ovaries.
Antiandrogens and finasteride may help treat excess hair and hair loss in women.
7 citations
,
June 2020 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Turkish women with hirsutism experience lower quality of life, especially those with PCOS, regardless of hair growth severity.
December 2015 in “Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome” 2 citations
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June 2021 in “Sultan Qaboos University medical journal” Familial frontal fibrosing alopecia is rare, mostly affects women, and often occurs between sisters or mother-daughter pairs.
December 2025 in “International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science” Localized estrogen treatments may improve skin quality with fewer risks than systemic hormone therapy.
1 citations
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October 2025 in “EBioMedicine” Women have a higher DHT/testosterone ratio than men, possibly due to gut bacteria activity.