309 citations
,
June 2001 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause androgen insensitivity, leading to female traits in genetically male individuals.
231 citations
,
July 2008 in “Nutrition reviews” Diet changes can protect against harmful environmental effects on fetal development.
25 citations
,
December 2009 in “Developmental Neurobiology” Androgens are essential for maintaining adult neuromuscular structure.
53 citations
,
July 2002 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The Dfl mutation in mice causes poor sebaceous gland function and complete hair loss.
2170 citations
,
September 2017 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for safe and effective hormone treatment in gender-dysphoric individuals, with specific guidelines for adolescents and adults.
9 citations
,
August 1992 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” 9 citations
,
April 2018 in “Biology of reproduction” Diet changes hormone levels in pregnant ewes by affecting metabolism, not placental synthesis.
5 citations
,
December 2018 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Differences in androgen receptor expression and tissue properties may lead to higher cryptorchidism risk in certain rats.
12 citations
,
January 2016 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” Testosterone therapy improved physical and social health in a male with 49,XXXXY syndrome.
41 citations
,
October 2008 in “The American journal of pathology” Blocking a specific protein signal can make hair grow on mouse nipples.
7 citations
,
January 2022 in “Animal Reproduction” Using rodents for research shows that health problems in the womb can cause diseases later in life.
6 citations
,
August 1975 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Cortisol and corticosterone thin mouse skin and regress hair follicles, while testosterone promotes skin and hair development.
Certain medications can negatively impact male fertility.
1 citations
,
March 2005 in “Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie” A postmenopausal woman had high testosterone from her right adrenal gland, leading to recommended surgery.
38 citations
,
May 2010 in “American Journal Of Pathology” 17β-Estradiol slows wound healing in male mice through estrogen receptor-α.
93 citations
,
September 2014 in “Diabetes” Lack of 5α-Reductase type 1 can lead to insulin resistance and liver problems.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.
1 citations
,
January 2021
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An ovarian tumor caused a woman's male-like symptoms, which improved after surgery.
1 citations
,
February 2024 in “Pharmacognosy Journal” Fenugreek seed extract boosts testosterone and improves male reproductive health without heart side effects.
14 citations
,
January 2015 in “Hormones and Cancer” Androgen receptor inactivation delays skin cancer onset and reduces incidence in mice, with gender differences in susceptibility.
2 citations
,
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” Male infertility often lacks thorough investigation, potentially missing reversible causes.
2 citations
,
April 2019 in “Journal of Internal Medicine” Men using steroids or finasteride to look more attractive may harm their fertility and sexual function, creating a paradox where they seem fit but may be less able to reproduce.
Minoxidil may harm male reproductive health by causing testicular damage and hormonal disruption.
253 citations
,
March 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.
April 2014 in “The FASEB Journal” Testosterone reduces knee movement, while flutamide and finasteride increase it.
June 2024 in “Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety” Finasteride harms Daphnia magna's reproduction, growth, and metabolism.
14 citations
,
January 2020 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” OCT4 helps granulosa cell growth in early-stage follicles, and FSH increases OCT4 through specific pathways.
2 citations
,
March 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” HAIR may cause fetal loss by triggering different cell death processes in the uterus and placenta.
2 citations
,
May 2018 in “Diagnosis” A 68-year-old woman developed male traits due to a tumor in her ovary, which was removed, returning her hormone levels to normal.