37 citations
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February 2010 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Androgen self-administration might be controlled by membrane receptors, not nuclear ones.
Finasteride reduces blood vessel formation in seminal vesicles.
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January 2009 in “PubMed” Finasteride treatment can decrease certain steroids and increase others, possibly leading to depression symptoms in some cases.
December 2025 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” April 2016 in “ValpoScholar (Valparaiso University)” Finasteride side effects may be reduced by considering brain differences.
31 citations
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January 2001 in “PubMed”
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Finasteride improves hair but may reduce sperm quality at higher doses.
1 citations
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August 2015 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” 5α-reductase inhibitors can cause serious and possibly lasting sexual and psychological side effects.
July 2025 in “Reproductive Biology” Finasteride use in male rats may harm their male offspring's liver function.
January 1994 in “JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS” Testosterone and fleece-flower root affect mouse hair growth.
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March 2020 in “Baghdad Science Journal” Finasteride effectively reduces DHT and E2 levels, helping with prostate enlargement.
Minoxidil may harm male reproductive health by causing testicular damage and hormonal disruption.
7 citations
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April 2015 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Finasteride negatively affects fish reproduction and gonadal development.
Gender-diverse individuals face more depression and anxiety, possibly due to unique stress profiles.
21 citations
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March 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The review highlights the need for more research on transgender dermatology, the role of dermatologists in gender affirmation, and the effects of hormone therapy on skin and hair.
110 citations
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October 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.
November 2004 in “Medical Journal of Indonesia” Hormonal imbalances can cause skin and hair problems in women, and treatments that block male hormones can help.
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February 1997 in “Teratology” Finasteride, when given in high oral doses to pregnant monkeys, caused genital abnormalities in male fetuses, but not in female fetuses or those exposed to intravenous finasteride.
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April 2012 in “Fertility and Sterility” Finasteride may cause infertility in rats by affecting epididymis and sperm function.
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July 1980 in “Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health” High doses of ethynylestradiol in rats caused growth issues, organ changes, and some tumors, but didn't increase overall tumor rates.
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April 2018 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Finasteride for female hair loss has low side effects, more research needed.
January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.
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January 2021 29 citations
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May 2013 in “Andrologia” Cross-sex hormone treatment in transsexual individuals helps understand how sex hormones affect diseases like heart disease and diabetes.
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December 2021 in “Archivio italiano di urologia andrologia” Certain drugs, especially antiandrogens and spironolactone, significantly increase the risk of gynecomastia.
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August 2016 in “Experimental Dermatology” Finasteride treats baldness but may cause lasting sexual side effects.
August 2025 in “Journal of Affective Disorders” Gender-diverse people face more depression and anxiety, partly due to stress and lower cortisol levels.
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February 2015 in “Frontiers in Neuroscience” Testosterone affects brain behavior in complex and varied ways.
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December 2015 in “Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews” Some hormone-related drugs may protect brain cells in Parkinson's disease differently in men and women.