1 citations
,
November 2020 in “Cureus” Clinical signs of hyperandrogenism are related to female pattern hair loss severity, but biochemical markers are not.
March 2025 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” Elevated testosterone, DHEA-S, and FAI help identify PCOS risk in menstrual irregularities.
May 2008 in “10th European Congress of Endocrinology” Flutamide alone is as effective as the combination with finasteride for treating hirsutism.
3 citations
,
June 2019 in “Clinical nursing studies” Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) lowers women's quality of life, especially mentally and socially, but nursing guidelines can improve their understanding of the condition.
March 2026 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” Topical 3% minoxidil effectively and safely enhances facial hair in transgender men.
February 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hirsutism and acne indicate high androgen levels in women with PCOS, and early treatment can improve symptoms and quality of life.
February 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hirsutism and acne indicate high androgen levels in women with PCOS, suggesting early treatment can help.
May 2025 in “International Journal of Trichology” Low-dose oral minoxidil often causes excess hair growth but doesn't significantly affect quality of life.
February 2022 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Acanthosis nigricans in teenage girls with PCOS is a sign of obesity, not insulin resistance or glucose intolerance.
February 2019 in “Obstetrics and gynaecology cases - reviews” Women with excessive hair growth tend to have shorter index and ring fingers compared to others.
September 2018 in “Cumhuriyet medical journal” Women with more body hair tend to have thicker belly fat and more metabolic health issues.
May 2015 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Both finasteride and metformin effectively treat PCOS by reducing hormone levels and insulin resistance.
22 citations
,
May 2006 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” Calculated testosterone values are reliable for assessing hyperandrogenemia in women, making direct measurement unnecessary.
2 citations
,
April 2023 in “BMC endocrine disorders” The link between physical signs of high male hormones and hormone levels in women with PCOS changes with age.
May 2018 in “DergiPark (Istanbul University)” Hormone levels studied are not linked to PCOS.
December 2013 in “Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences” A woman's excessive hair growth and high testosterone were caused by a rare ovarian tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.
112 citations
,
April 2009 in “Cochrane library” Spironolactone may reduce excessive hair growth in women but its effectiveness for acne is not supported.
78 citations
,
October 2003 in “Cochrane library” Cyproterone acetate with estradiol may subjectively improve excessive hair growth in women, but it's not clinically better than other treatments.
24 citations
,
April 2021 in “BMC women's health” High BMI worsens hair growth in women with PCOS.
17 citations
,
July 2015 in “Biomolecules and Biomedicine” High Nesfatin-1 and low Vitamin D may increase blood pressure and heart rate in women with PCOS.
15 citations
,
September 2023 in “International Journal of Microbiology Research” AMH is a promising biomarker for diagnosing PCOS.
7 citations
,
May 2014 in “Iranian Red Crescent medical journal” Laser hair removal is effective for hirsutism when combined with treatment for the underlying causes.
5 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Academic Research in Medicine” FAI is a reliable marker for identifying and monitoring hyperandrogenism in obese adolescent females with PCOS.
3 citations
,
August 2021 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Facial hair is crucial for transgender men's gender identity and transition.
1 citations
,
September 2024 in “Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology” PCOS women have more severe metabolic issues and higher androgen levels than hyperandrogenic women without PCOS.
April 2024 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.
November 2025 in “Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews” Cyproterone acetate works similarly to other treatments for hirsutism, but more research is needed.
October 2025 in “F1000Research” Postmenopausal women with excess male hormones may have ovarian tumors, and surgery usually cures them.
July 2024 in “Medical Science Monitor” Women with type D personality and PCOS experience more stress and use less effective coping strategies.
October 2020 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine” More than half of the young women checked had PCOS, which was linked to inactive lifestyles and poor diets.