44 citations
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May 1998 in “PubMed” The retinoid receptor antagonist effectively disrupts vitamin A-related development in embryos.
34 citations
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June 2014 in “The BMJ” Pregnancy can change skin disease severity, with some conditions improving and others worsening, and treatment should balance benefits and fetal safety.
28 citations
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January 1991 in “Reproductive Toxicology” Finasteride temporarily lowers male rat fertility without affecting libido.
26 citations
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November 1993 in “Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry” Treatment during development affects hormone balance and sexual behavior in male rats.
24 citations
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June 2011 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Most pregnant women experience skin changes like darkening and itching, while serious skin conditions are rare but need early treatment.
13 citations
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June 1984 in “Postgraduate Medicine” Pregnancy can cause various skin changes, including pigmentation, acne, and stretch marks, and may affect preexisting skin conditions.
10 citations
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June 2011 in “PubMed” Most skin care products are safe during pregnancy, but avoid hydroquinone and tretinoin.
10 citations
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April 1979 in “American Journal of Veterinary Research” Canine circumanal glands develop from hair follicle sheath cells, not sebaceous glands, and lack exocrine ducts.
8 citations
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July 2024 in “Scientific Reports” Salicylate helps wounds heal without scarring in mice.
8 citations
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January 1987 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Flutamide, an antiandrogen, has minimal impact on female rat endocrine systems and does not significantly change their reproductive cycles.
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March 2009 in “Annals of Saudi Medicine” Finasteride use during early pregnancy may cause limb deformities in babies.
5 citations
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December 2018 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Differences in androgen receptor expression and tissue properties may lead to higher cryptorchidism risk in certain rats.
4 citations
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March 2002 in “International journal of toxicology” LAAM caused developmental toxicity in tolerant rats without causing birth defects.
4 citations
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June 2002 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Prenatal retinoic acid exposure increased cell proliferation in mouse hair follicles without affecting their development.
3 citations
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June 2017 in “Reproductive biomedicine online” A certain mutation in the fetal alpha 5-reductase gene is linked to a higher risk of late miscarriage.
2 citations
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July 2021 in “Journal of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery” Exposure to the hair loss drug finasteride during pregnancy can cause genital anomalies in male babies, but not in female babies. It's best to avoid this drug in women who could potentially become pregnant.
1 citations
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May 2023 in “European Journal of Human Genetics” Rare ULBP3 gene changes may raise the risk of Alopecia areata, a certain FAS gene deletion could cause a dysfunctional protein in an immune disorder, and having one copy of a specific genetic deletion is okay, but two copies cause sickle cell disease.
February 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Managing skin diseases during pregnancy and postpartum requires careful consideration of treatment safety and dosing to protect both mother and baby.
January 2026 in “Clinical Journal for Nurse Practitioners in Women s Health” Pregnancy can cause skin changes, some harmless and others risky, needing careful management.
October 2024 in “BMC Genomics” Understanding hair follicle development can help improve cashmere quality.
March 2024 in “Journal of Animal Reproduciton and Biotechnology” A rare fetal malformation caused difficult birth in a goat, requiring surgery.
February 2024 in “Biomedicines” Pregnant women with PCOS have higher levels of Neurokinin B in the placenta, especially with female babies.
January 2024 in “Wiadomości Lekarskie” Countries should improve sex education, access to contraception, and legal abortion options.
August 2023 in “Micromachines” The new method can create hair follicle-like structures but not complete hair with roots and shafts, needing more improvement.
Neurosteroids help regulate oxytocin levels, especially during stress and pregnancy, to protect against premature labor.
January 2021 in “Scholars journal of medical case reports” A woman with PCOS successfully overcame secondary infertility and became pregnant with triplets after treatment.
March 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Minoxidil treatment improves heart defects in a DiGeorge syndrome model.
Neurokinin B levels are higher in the placentas of women with PCOS who have female babies.
22 citations
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April 1967 in “Australian Journal of Zoology” Southern elephant seals develop hair follicles and skin layers before birth, with moulting starting a week after birth and finishing in three weeks.
December 2025 in “Saudi Journal of Medicine and Public Health” Pharmacists are key in choosing and guiding the safe use of topical corticosteroids for skin conditions.