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GlossaryGlial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor

promotes neuron survival and growth, especially dopamine-producing ones

Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) is a protein that promotes the survival and growth of neurons, the cells responsible for transmitting information in the nervous system. It is particularly important for the maintenance and repair of certain types of neurons, including those that produce dopamine, which are crucial for motor control and are affected in diseases like Parkinson's.

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Expression Patterns of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Neurturin, Their Cognate Receptors GFRα-1, GFRα-2, and Common Signal Transduction Element c-Ret in Human Skin Hair Follicles

research Expression patterns of the glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor, neurturin, their cognate receptors GFRα-1, GFRα-2, and a common signal transduction element c-Ret in the human skin hair follicles

18 citations , January 2008 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Certain proteins and their receptors are more active during the growth phase of human hair and could be targeted to treat hair disorders.

GDNF Neurotrophic Factor Signaling Determines the Fate of Dermal Fibroblasts in Wound-Induced Hair Neogenesis and Skin Regeneration

research GDNF neurotrophic factor signaling determines the fate of dermal fibroblasts in wound‐induced hair neogenesis and skin regeneration

2 citations , January 2022 in “Experimental Dermatology”

GDNF signaling helps in hair growth and skin healing after a wound.

Psychological Stress Impact on Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Patients With Androgenetic Alopecia and Correlation With Disease Progression

research Psychological stress impact neurotrophic factor levels in patients with androgenetic alopecia and correlated with disease progression

October 2024 in “World Journal of Psychiatry”

Stress worsens hair loss in androgenetic alopecia.

research Multipotent Neural Crest Stem Cell-Like Cells from Rat Vibrissa Dermal Papilla Induce Neuronal Differentiation of PC12 Cells

10 citations , January 2014 in “BioMed research international”

Rat whisker cells can help turn other cells into nerve cells and might be used to treat brain injuries or diseases.

research GDNF promotes hair formation and cutaneous wound healing by targeting bulge stem cells

7 citations , June 2020 in “npj regenerative medicine”

GDNF helps grow hair and heal skin wounds by acting on hair stem cells.

The Beneficial Effects of Chick Embryo Extract Preconditioning on Hair Follicle Stem Cells: A Promising Strategy to Generate Schwann Cells

research The beneficial effects of chick embryo extract preconditioning on hair follicle stem cells: A promising strategy to generate Schwann cells

5 citations , January 2023 in “Cell proliferation”

Chick embryo extract helps rat hair follicle stem cells potentially turn into Schwann cells, important for the nervous system.

research Age‐associated decrease in GDNF and its cognate receptor GFRα‐1 protein expression in human skin

2 citations , June 2016 in “International journal of experimental pathology”

Human skin has less GDNF and its receptor with age.

research Reawakening GDNF's regenerative past in mice and humans

1 citations , April 2022 in “Regenerative Therapy”

Activating the GDNF-GFRα1-RET signaling pathway could potentially promote skin and limb regeneration in humans and could be used to treat hair loss and promote wound healing.

research Comparative gene expression analysis of nestin-expressing hair follicle-derived cells

June 2026 in “Scientific Reports”

Nestin-expressing hair follicle cells may be useful for nerve repair and regeneration.

research Keratin Gel as Conduit Filler for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration on a Rat Sciatic Nerve Injury Model

January 2010

Keratin gel may help repair damaged nerves.

research Hair follicle stem cell-derived secretome protects astrocytes in an in vitro ischemia/reperfusion model

March 2025 in “Anatomy & Cell Biology”

Hair follicle stem cell secretions may help protect brain cells and improve stroke recovery.

research In vitro Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells into Hair Cell-Like Cells in Guinea Pigs

3 citations , December 2007 in “Journal of Otology”

Guinea pig fat stem cells can become hair cell-like cells in a lab.

research Brain-derived nerve factor and neurotrophins in androgenetic alopecia

10 citations , July 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Lower growth factors linked to balding in androgenetic alopecia.

Control of Human Hair Growth by Neurotrophins: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Inhibits Hair Shaft Elongation, Induces Catagen, and Stimulates Follicular Transforming Growth Factor Beta 2 Expression

research Control of Human Hair Growth by Neurotrophins: Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Inhibits Hair Shaft Elongation, Induces Catagen, and Stimulates Follicular Transforming Growth Factor β2 Expression

64 citations , March 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) slows down hair growth and promotes hair follicle regression.

Optogenetically Controlled TrkA Activity Improves the Regenerative Capacity of Hair-Follicle-Derived Stem Cells to Differentiate into Neurons and Glia

research Optogenetically Controlled TrkA Activity Improves the Regenerative Capacity of Hair‐Follicle‐Derived Stem Cells to Differentiate into Neurons and Glia

6 citations , September 2020 in “Advanced Biology”

Blue-light activation of TrkA improves hair-follicle stem cells' ability to become neurons and glial cells.

research Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Secretome

271 citations , May 2019 in “Cells”

The secretome from mesenchymal stem cells is a promising treatment that may repair tissue and avoid side effects of stem cell transplantation.

research Prospect of Stem Cell Conditioned Medium in Regenerative Medicine

298 citations , January 2014 in “BioMed Research International”

Stem cell-derived conditioned medium shows promise for treating various medical conditions but requires standardized production and further validation.

Combination of Media, Biomaterials, and Extracellular Matrix Proteins to Enhance the Differentiation of Neural Stem/Precursor Cells into Neurons

research Combination of media, biomaterials and extracellular matrix proteins to enhance the differentiation of neural stem/precursor cells into neurons

25 citations , April 2012 in “Acta Biomaterialia”

Using certain small proteins with a growth factor and specific materials can increase the creation of neurons from stem cells.

research Biomaterials Functionalized with MSC Secreted Extracellular Vesicles and Soluble Factors for Tissue Regeneration

220 citations , March 2020 in “Advanced functional materials”

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

research Novel therapeutic approaches in utilizing platelet lysate in regenerative medicine: Are we ready for clinical use?

51 citations , March 2019 in “Journal of cellular physiology”

Platelet lysate is a promising, cost-effective option for regenerative medicine with potential clinical applications.

research Therapeutic potential of hair follicle-derived stem cell intranasal transplantation in a rat model of ischemic stroke

8 citations , July 2022 in “BMC neuroscience”

Transplanted hair follicle stem cells improved brain function and reduced damage after a stroke in rats.

research Directing Rat Hair Follicle Stem Cells Toward Neuronal Lineage With Enhanced Trophic Factor Expression

September 2024 in “Advanced Biomedical Research”

Chick embryo extract helps rat hair follicle stem cells become more like neurons.

research 4-Aminopyridine Induces Nerve Growth Factor to Improve Skin Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration

July 2022 in “Biomedicines”

4-Aminopyridine improves skin wound healing and tissue regeneration by increasing cell growth and promoting nerve repair.

research Regeneration of skin appendages and nerves: current status and further challenges

71 citations , February 2020 in “Journal of Translational Medicine”

Progress has been made in skin and nerve regeneration, but more research is needed to improve methods and ensure safety.

research Organoid‐Guided Precision Medicine: From Bench to Bedside

17 citations , May 2025 in “MedComm”

Organoid technology is improving personalized medicine by better predicting drug responses and treatments.

research Comparative Analysis of Biological Properties of Large-Scale Expanded Adult Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cells Isolated from Human Hair Follicle and Skin Dermis

11 citations , February 2019 in “Stem cells international”

Skin-derived stem cells grow faster and are easier to obtain than hair follicle stem cells, but both can become various cell types.

research Macrophages Regulate Schwann Cell Maturation after Nerve Injury

130 citations , September 2018 in “Cell Reports”

Macrophages help heal nerves by aiding the maturation of Schwann cells and are important for nerve repair.

research Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome: Influencing Therapeutic Potential by Cellular Pre-conditioning

320 citations , December 2018 in “Frontiers in Immunology”

Changing how mesenchymal stromal cells are grown can improve their healing abilities.

research Existence of Neural Crest–Derived Progenitor Cells in Normal and Fuchs Endothelial Dystrophy Corneal Endothelium

44 citations , September 2016 in “American Journal Of Pathology”

Neural crest-derived progenitor cells in the cornea could help treat corneal issues without transplants.

research Exosome-based Therapies for Androgenetic Alopecia: Mechanisms, MicroRNAs, and Clinical Prospects

October 2025 in “Gene Expression”

Exosome therapy could be a promising new way to treat hair loss.