January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Genetics may play a significant role in gender dysphoria.
5 citations
,
October 2012 in “Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health” Healthcare providers should start with simple fertility tests and treatments before referring patients to specialists.
April 2015 in “The FASEB Journal” Blocking androgens at birth reduces sexual motivation in male rats.
1 citations
,
November 2006 in “Medicina de Familia SEMERGEN”
January 2019 in “Skin appendage disorders” A woman's hair loss was linked to a rare hormone-secreting ovarian tumor, treated with surgery and hair loss medication.
January 1996 in “Springer eBooks”
49 citations
,
December 1997 in “Urology” Tamoxifen effectively treats gynecomastia without causing impotence.
1 citations
,
August 2019 in “Journal of pediatric & adolescent gynecology” A new genetic change causing early stop in the androgen receptor gene was found in a patient with androgen insensitivity syndrome.
31 citations
,
September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
14 citations
,
January 2013 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with congenital adrenal hyperplasia have lower fertility, but with proper treatment, they can conceive successfully.
October 2008 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” A 20-month-old girl had a rare adrenal tumor removed successfully, with no recurrence for 10 years.
41 citations
,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cortisone reductase deficiency can cause high androgen and cortisol levels and may be missed in women with similar symptoms.
1 citations
,
August 2012 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” A woman's hyperandrogenism was caused by a genetic mutation leading to non-classic adrenogenital syndrome.
70 citations
,
March 2016 in “Urologic Clinics of North America” The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Surgery improved symptoms and normalized hormone levels in a woman with an adrenal tumor.
39 citations
,
November 2021 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone replacement is recommended for men with low testosterone levels and symptoms of hypogonadism.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An 8-year-old boy's early puberty was caused by a rare hormone-secreting brain tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.
September 2025 in “International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science” Aesthetic gynecology improves women's intimate health and well-being with safe procedures but needs more research and standardized protocols.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Feminizing hormone therapy increases kidney filtration rate.
May 2025 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” Postmenopausal women with unusual hair growth should be checked for ovarian tumors.
4 citations
,
November 2022 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” The enzyme 5α-reductase type 1 is important for blood vessel development and fertility in the uterus.
September 2022 in “Annals of medicine and surgery” Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.
5 citations
,
March 2015 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Chemotherapy caused a woman's permanent hair loss and early menopause.
62 citations
,
August 2018 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Androgens are important for normal ovarian function and estrogen production, but may not be the main cause of follicle death.
1 citations
,
July 2019 in “The journal of applied laboratory medicine” Venous catheterization may help diagnose the cause of female hyperandrogenism when imaging is unclear.
September 2018 in “The Journal of Urology” Clomiphene citrate is a cheap and simple treatment for low testosterone that works as well as human chorionic gonadotropin, alone or combined, especially for men who want to keep their fertility.
7 citations
,
April 2011 in “American journal of obstetrics and gynecology” A woman's virilization symptoms were caused by her partner's use of testosterone cream, which resolved after they separated.
The document concludes that antiandrogenic drugs like cyproterone acetate and spironolactone are effective but not permanent treatments for skin-related androgenization in women.
January 2019 in “Oncogen” Triple Hormonal Blockade (ADT3) can effectively manage prostate cancer but requires careful monitoring for heart risks.