855 citations
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June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
16 citations
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June 2022 in “Transgender Health” Oocyte retrieval is possible for transgender men on testosterone therapy without affecting fertility outcomes.
5 citations
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April 2022 in “Journal of Obesity” Transgender individuals face more barriers and less autonomy in surgical body modifications compared to cisgender individuals.
August 2015 in “Europe PMC (PubMed Central)” Using body measurements can help achieve good results in plastic surgery like reshaping the torso, but it doesn't work for all body types.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Rare ovarian tumors can cause hyperandrogenism, even if imaging appears normal.
10 citations
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May 1995 in “Journal of General Internal Medicine” Most women with excessive hair growth have PCOS; treatment varies and focuses on preventing new hair, with electrolysis as the only permanent removal method.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare pituitary tumor in an 18-year-old male caused hormonal issues and vision loss, requiring surgery and further treatment.
August 2017 in “Journal of pediatric surgery case reports” A toddler with a rare adrenal gland tumor causing male-like physical changes was successfully treated with surgery.
November 2018 in “Endocrine Abstracts” A woman's high testosterone levels were caused by a rare ovarian tumor, not the initially diagnosed condition.
5 citations
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November 2001 in “PubMed” An 80-year-old woman's severe hair loss was caused by a hormone-secreting ovarian tumor.
9 citations
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April 2021 in “Annals of Translational Medicine” Facial contouring is crucial for the satisfaction and well-being of Chinese transgender females.
November 2001 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Galea fixation is a safe and effective way to remove bald scalp with minimal scarring and reduced stretch-back.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Bilateral ovarian hyperthecosis is a rare but treatable cause of increased facial hair in postmenopausal women.
May 2016 in “Endocrine Abstracts” The removal of the adrenal tumor improved the patient's symptoms and reduced androgen levels, indicating successful surgery.
30 citations
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April 2002 in “Archives of Dermatology” Finasteride can cause one-sided breast enlargement, which disappears after stopping the drug.
7 citations
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May 2014 in “Iranian Red Crescent medical journal” Laser hair removal is effective for hirsutism when combined with treatment for the underlying causes.
5 citations
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October 2017 in “JOGC/Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” The conclusion is that proper diagnosis and long-term treatment, including medication, hair removal, and lifestyle changes, are important for improving hirsutism, especially in PCOS patients.
83 citations
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December 2004 in “American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” December 2024 in “Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports” Surgical removal of hair effectively treated pilonidal omphalitis in a teenager.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 31-year-old woman was diagnosed with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome much later than usual, leading to a call for earlier detection and treatment guidelines.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The document concludes that doctors should thoroughly check postmenopausal women with sudden increased male traits for rare conditions like androgen-producing endometrial cancer.
10 citations
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May 2009 in “Sexual and Relationship Therapy” The document concludes that hormone therapy is essential for treating gender dysphoria, with specific drugs and monitoring protocols recommended for safety and effectiveness.
September 2024 in “Pediatrics in Review” Parental support and gender-affirming care are crucial for the mental health of transgender adolescents.
January 2010 in “Springer eBooks” Pubic hair transplantation can help women with little to no pubic hair, using scalp hair for a natural look and requires careful aftercare.
1 citations
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April 2022 in “Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery” India is seeing more cases of gender incongruence and changes in how it's understood and managed legally and medically.
August 2009 in “Reactions Weekly” Finasteride caused breast enlargement in two men, which improved after stopping the medication.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's small ovarian tumor causing high androgen levels was missed by several scans but found during surgery.
1 citations
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November 2023 in “American journal of clinical pathology” Transgender men on testosterone therapy need ongoing gynecologic care due to potential cancer risks.
March 2016 in “Indian Journal Of Applied Research” Surgery may be needed for resistant thyrotoxicosis.
23 citations
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June 1997 in “Baillière's clinical obstetrics and gynaecology” Most women with too much androgens have PCOS, which can be managed with birth control pills, medication for hair growth, and fertility treatments, and losing weight helps too.