1 citations
,
November 2003 in “Humana Press eBooks” AFM helps study hair surfaces for dermatology, cosmetics, and forensics.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “Cosmetics” Surfactants damage hair, but sealing the cuticle can prevent this.
30 citations
,
January 1994 in “Micron” Mature hair surfaces are formed by keratinized cells with developed layers, not just modified plasma membranes.
11 citations
,
January 2016 in “Biointerphases” The hair's outermost surface has multiple layers of lipids and proteins.
20 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Older people's hair cuticles get more easily damaged and lose protective oils, especially in their 40s and 50s.
Understanding hair surface properties is key for effective hair care products.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Hair care products used for 4 weeks made hair smoother.
2 citations
,
January 2004 in “PubMed” Conditioners with PQ-10 soften the flat part of hair cuticles but harden the edges.
1 citations
,
August 2022 in “Chemical engineering journal advances” Scientists made human hair magnetic by coating it with special nanoparticles.
January 2003 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Hair color affects light reflection, with black hair having higher cuticle angles and lighter hair showing less specular reflection.
June 2023 in “Experimental dermatology” Pubic hair has a thicker, more protective outer layer than scalp hair, possibly due to evolution.
14 citations
,
July 2007 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The new 3D imaging method accurately measures hair surface details quickly.
August 2021 in “Han'gug miyong haghoeji/Journal of the Korean society of cosmetology” Using natural polyphenol cross-linkers like tannic acid and green tea extract in perm treatments improves curling and protects hair.
40 citations
,
February 2002 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Permanent hair dye damages hair but it mostly recovers after 8 weeks; using certain hair care products can help repair it.
15 citations
,
October 2004 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Holes in mature hair are likely caused by the removal of substances during hair care.
September 2024 in “Heliyon” Repeated hair dyeing significantly damages hair.
18 citations
,
August 2014 in “Lipids” Human hair has more unsaturated fats inside than on the surface, and certain lipids may help bind the outer and inner layers together.
July 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Fermented grapeseed oil effectively repairs and protects chemically damaged hair.
17 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution” Hair in mammals likely evolved from glandular structures, not scales.
2 citations
,
February 2016 in “Journal of sol-gel science and technology” A small molecule can strengthen fine hair, making it more resistant and natural-feeling.
August 2007 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Hair fibers break by cuticle cell slipping, shape changing, cuticle fraying, and surface cracking when stretched under specific conditions.
December 2023 in “Journal of molecular structure” Hair treatments and dehydration affect hair's lipid and protein behavior, influencing its flexibility and appearance.
13 citations
,
March 2006 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” The study found that a polymer treatment changes the charge on hair surfaces, making bleached hair smoother and less porous.
4 citations
,
August 2016 in “PubMed” Repeated dyeing and shampooing cause hair color loss and damage.
161 citations
,
July 2003 in “ACM Transactions on Graphics” Researchers developed a new model for more realistic computer graphics rendering of hair by considering how light scatters on hair fibers.
Researchers developed a new model for more realistic computer graphics of hair by considering how light scatters on hair fibers.
52 citations
,
August 1978 in “Journal of Applied Polymer Science” Human hair's ability to get wet is complex and can change with treatments, damage, and environment.
5 citations
,
August 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Particles stick better to healthy hair than damaged hair.
8 citations
,
February 2022 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Lipids are crucial for healthy hair, protecting it from damage and breakage.
6 citations
,
May 2003 in “PubMed” Small amounts of DNA can be found in the hair shaft, especially near the root, but it decreases with hair treatments and washing.