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GlossaryHair Matrix Keratinocytes

specialized cells producing keratin for hair growth

Hair Matrix Keratinocytes are specialized cells located at the base of the hair follicle. These cells are responsible for producing the keratin proteins that make up the hair shaft, essentially driving hair growth. They rapidly divide and differentiate, contributing to the formation and elongation of the hair strand.

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Thyroid Hormones Directly Alter Human Hair Follicle Functions: Anagen Prolongation and Stimulation of Both Hair Matrix Keratinocyte Proliferation and Hair Pigmentation

research Thyroid Hormones Directly Alter Human Hair Follicle Functions: Anagen Prolongation and Stimulation of Both Hair Matrix Keratinocyte Proliferation and Hair Pigmentation

115 citations , August 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism”

Thyroid hormones help hair grow, reduce hair loss, and increase hair pigment.

Exogenous Stimulation with Eclipta Alba Promotes Hair Matrix Keratinocyte Proliferation and Downregulates TGF-β1 Expression in Nude Mice

research Exogenous stimulation with Eclipta alba promotes hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation and downregulates TGF-β1 expression in nude mice

24 citations , December 2014 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine”

Eclipta alba extract helps increase hair growth and decrease hair loss-related protein in mice.

DNA Dioxygenases Tet1/2/3 Control Hair Matrix Keratinocyte Differentiation and Hair Shaft Shape via Regulation of Hair Keratin Gene Expression

research 764 DNA dioxygenases Tet1/2/3 control hair matrix keratinocyte differentiation and hair shaft shape via regulation of hair keratin gene expression

June 2020 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

The enzymes Tet1, Tet2, and Tet3 are important for the development of hair follicles and determining hair shape by controlling hair keratin genes.

research Prevention of chemotherapy drug-mediated human hair follicle damage: combined use of cooling with antioxidant suppresses oxidative stress and prevents matrix keratinocyte cytotoxicity

4 citations , July 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology”

Cooling with antioxidants helps protect hair during chemotherapy.

research 085 Dermal papilla cells control hair follicle matrix keratinocytes proliferation through versican

July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Versican in dermal papilla cells is crucial for healthy hair growth.

research Experimental Modulation of the Differentiated Phenotype of Keratinocytes from Epidermis and Hair Follicle Outer Root Sheath and Matrix Cells

31 citations , December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences”

ORS and hair matrix cells balance growth and differentiation better than normal keratinocytes, with human dermal fibroblasts crucial for proper differentiation.

Generation of Human Hair Follicle Organoids In Vitro and Ex Vivo by Co-Culture of Primary Human Hair Matrix Keratinocytes and Dermal Papilla Fibroblasts

research 773 Generation of human hair follicle organoids in vitro and ex vivo by co-culture of primary human hair matrix keratinocytes and dermal papilla fibroblasts

June 2020 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Scientists successfully grew mini hair follicles using human skin cells, which could help treat baldness.

research Culture of hair matrix and follicular keratinocytes

26 citations , July 1993 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Differential Effects of Caffeine on Hair Shaft Elongation, Matrix and Outer Root Sheath Keratinocyte Proliferation, and Transforming Growth Factor-β2/Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1-Mediated Regulation of the Hair Cycle in Male and Female Human Hair Follicles In Vitro

research Differential effects of caffeine on hair shaft elongation, matrix and outer root sheath keratinocyte proliferation, and transforming growth factor‐β2/insulin‐like growth factor‐1‐mediated regulation of the hair cycle in male and female human hair folliclesin vitro

60 citations , May 2014 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

Caffeine affects hair growth and health differently in men and women.

Hair-Growth-Promoting Effect of Conditioned Medium of High Integrin α6 and Low CD71 Positive Keratinocyte Cells

research Hair-Growth-Promoting Effect of Conditioned Medium of High Integrin α6 and Low CD 71 (α6bri/CD71dim) Positive Keratinocyte Cells

17 citations , February 2015 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

A special mix from certain skin cells can help hair grow by making hair root cells grow faster and activating growth signals.

research 604 DNA dioxygenases TET regulate keratin gene expression and enhancer networks within lineage-specific gene loci during epidermal and hair follicle-specific keratinocyte differentiation

April 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

TET enzymes are important for skin and hair development by controlling gene activity in specific areas.

research In Vitro Differences Between Keratinocyte Stem Cells and Transit-Amplifying Cells of the Human Hair Follicle

52 citations , October 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Hair follicle stem cells have greater longevity and adhesion, while transit-amplifying cells are more mobile.

Characterization of Cell Cycle Arrest and Terminal Differentiation in a Maximally Proliferative Human Epithelial Tissue: Lessons from the Human Hair Follicle Matrix

research Characterisation of cell cycle arrest and terminal differentiation in a maximally proliferative human epithelial tissue: Lessons from the human hair follicle matrix

30 citations , April 2017 in “European Journal of Cell Biology”

CIP/KIP proteins help stop cell division and support hair growth.

research Stimulatory Effect of Brazilian Propolis on Hair Growth through Proliferation of Keratinocytes in Mice

18 citations , November 2014 in “Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry”

Brazilian propolis was found to speed up hair growth in mice by increasing the growth of skin cells that form hair.

research Modulation of the differentiated phenotype of keratinocytes of the hair follicle and from epidermis

41 citations , July 1994 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

Hair follicle cells need complex interactions to fully differentiate.

research Hair Germ Model In Vitro via Human Postnatal Keratinocyte-Dermal Papilla Interactions: Impact of Hyaluronic Acid

42 citations , January 2017 in “Stem cells international”

Adding hyaluronic acid helps create larger artificial hair follicles in the lab.

research Keratinocytes-hair follicle bulge stem cells-fibroblasts co-cultures on a tri-layer skin equivalent derived from gelatin/PEG methacrylate nanofibers

11 citations , February 2020 in “Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition”

The new GelMet hydrogel can effectively support skin cell growth for tissue engineering.

research [Three-dimensional culture of plucked human hair follicles inside the collagen gel matrix].

3 citations , July 1990 in “PubMed”

Human hair follicles can grow and form structures in a collagen gel, useful for studying hair cell growth.

research Sulfated hyaluronan‐containing artificial extracellular matrices promote proliferation of keratinocytes and melanotic phenotype of melanocytes from the outer root sheath of hair follicles

8 citations , March 2019 in “Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A”

Sulfated hyaluronan in collagen helps hair follicle cells grow and develop better for skin grafts.

research Cultured nail keratinocytes express hard keratins characteristic of nail and hair in vivo

16 citations , August 1992 in “Archives of dermatological research”

Lab-grown nail cells show characteristics similar to natural nail and hair.

research Ginsenosides Rb₁ and Rd Regulate Proliferation of Mature Keratinocytes Through Induction of p63 Expression in Hair Follicles

15 citations , September 2012 in “PTR. Phytotherapy research/Phytotherapy research”

Ginsenosides Rb₁ and Rd may help prevent hair loss by promoting hair cell growth.

research Pathobiology of chemotherapy-induced hair loss

218 citations , January 2013 in “The Lancet Oncology”

Chemotherapy causes hair loss by damaging hair follicles and stem cells, with more research needed for prevention and treatment.

Towards Dissecting the Pathogenesis of Retinoid-Induced Hair Loss: All-Trans Retinoic Acid Induces Premature Hair Follicle Regression by Upregulation of Transforming Growth Factor-β2 in the Dermal Papilla

research Towards Dissecting the Pathogenesis of Retinoid-Induced Hair Loss: All-Trans Retinoic Acid Induces Premature Hair Follicle Regression (Catagen) by Upregulation of Transforming Growth Factor-β2 in the Dermal Papilla

92 citations , June 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

All-trans retinoic acid causes hair loss by increasing TGF-β2 in hair follicle cells.

Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone: A New Player in Human Hair Growth Control

research Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH): a new player in human hair‐growth control

72 citations , October 2009 in “The FASEB journal”

TRH stimulates human hair growth and extends the hair growth phase.

research Profiling the Response of Human Hair Follicles to Ultraviolet Radiation

53 citations , January 2009 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

UVB radiation harms hair growth and health, causing cell death and other changes in human hair follicles.

Red Ginseng Extract Promotes Hair Growth in Cultured Human Hair Follicles

research Red Ginseng Extract Promotes the Hair Growth in Cultured Human Hair Follicles

49 citations , November 2014 in “Journal of Medicinal Food”

Red Ginseng Extract may help human hair grow by activating growth pathways and blocking negative effects of certain hormones.

research Autophagy is essential for maintaining the growth of a human (mini-)organ: Evidence from scalp hair follicle organ culture

42 citations , March 2018 in “PLOS Biology”

Autophagy is important for human hair growth and health.

research Induction of Hair Growth by Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in 1,763 MHz Radiofrequency-Irradiated Hair Follicle Cells

39 citations , December 2011 in “PLoS ONE”

Radiofrequency exposure can stimulate hair growth by increasing IGF-1 in hair follicle cells.

research Re-Evaluating Cyclosporine A as a Hair Growth–Promoting Agent in Human Scalp Hair Follicles

29 citations , March 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Cyclosporine A promotes hair growth and prolongs the active growth phase in human hair follicles, but may work differently than in rodents.

research L‐Carnitine–L‐tartrate promotes human hair growth in vitro

26 citations , October 2007 in “Experimental Dermatology”

L-Carnitine-L-tartrate may help hair grow and prevent hair loss.