378 citations
,
November 2011 in “Human reproduction update” Experts recommend using evidence-based methods to diagnose and treat hirsutism, focusing on symptoms and underlying causes.
October 2023 in “Psychiatry research. Case reports” A new HRAS gene variant may cause a range of symptoms including intellectual disability and psychiatric issues.
April 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans are reliable skin signs of PCOS and suggest the need for further tests for related health issues.
September 2024 in “Texila international journal of public health” PCOS may start with high insulin levels, and certain biomarkers can help understand its causes, especially in teens.
1 citations
,
December 2021 in “American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” Hair cortisol levels peak in the third trimester and decline postpartum.
85 citations
,
June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The document concludes that hirsutism is the main sign for diagnosing hyperandrogenism, which requires a detailed patient history and physical exam.
26 citations
,
June 2014 in “Fertility and Sterility” Teens with PCOS and a mom with PCOS have higher insulin resistance and lower adiponectin levels, which could signal early metabolic problems.
9 citations
,
April 2025 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” The occipital region is best for measuring cortisol and cortisone, while the posterior vertex is better for OEA, SEA, and PEA.
37 citations
,
August 2012 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” A simplified scoring system can effectively diagnose hirsutism in Chinese women of reproductive age.
6 citations
,
October 2014 in “Endokrynologia Polska” Excessive hair growth is much more common in Chinese women with PCOS than in the general population.
April 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Women with PCOS often have hirsutism and skin changes, which indicate a need for metabolic health checks.
July 2024 in “Occupational Medicine” Higher cortisol levels are linked to poor coping, while higher DHEA levels are linked to job confidence.
8 citations
,
April 1991 in “European journal of endocrinology” 3α-AdiolG is a good marker for androgen activity in women with excessive hair growth and decreases with anti-androgen treatment.
June 2013 in “NATIONS UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTI-DISCIPLINARY STUDIES” Hyperandrogenism did not affect sexual function in young women.
January 2024 in “University of Zagreb University Computing Centre (SRCE)” Women with PCOS have different hormone levels than those without it.
December 1990 in “PubMed” Hirsutism and androgenetic alopecia in women are often due to increased androgen effects, and antiandrogen treatment is recommended to prevent further issues.
1 citations
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January 2016 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Hypothyroidism may worsen metabolic problems like insulin resistance and obesity in women with PCOS.
66 citations
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November 2001 in “European journal of endocrinology” Low SHBG and high FAI, FT, and DHEAS levels are effective in identifying PCOS.
32 citations
,
February 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.
6 citations
,
November 1980 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Measuring plasma testosterone glucosiduronate is a reliable way to detect high male hormone levels in women.
11 citations
,
March 1991 in “PubMed” Hormonal imbalances, including high prolactin and thyroid issues, contribute to hair growth problems in women.
8 citations
,
May 2021 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Different levels of anti-Müllerian hormone can help diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome in women of different ages.
19 citations
,
August 1999 in “European journal of endocrinology” The study concluded that testing hormone levels after stimulation is not reliable for identifying carriers of 21-hydroxylase deficiency; genetic testing is necessary.
1 citations
,
August 2025 in “European journal of medical research” Subclinical hypothyroidism in women with PCOS affects thyroid and hormone interactions but not ovary structure.
10 citations
,
March 2016 in “The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India” The article suggests renaming Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) to "Hyperandrogenic Persistent Ovulatory Dysfunction Syndrome" (HA-PODS) for accuracy and consistency, but no final decision was made.
11 citations
,
February 2005 in “Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics/Clinical pharmacology & therapeutics” Hair cortisol could be a marker for chronic stress in pregnancy, but depression affects cortisol levels differently.
January 2025 in “Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences” The Cyp11a1 gene variation has a weak link to PCOS, but higher di-hydro-testosterone levels are found in PCOS patients.
July 2024 in “International Journal of Chemical and Biological Sciences” Glypican-4 may help indicate insulin sensitivity and lipid issues in women with PCOS.
24 citations
,
March 1996 in “Postgraduate Medical Journal” Most women with hirsutism in the UAE have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
135 citations
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March 1984 in “Fertility and sterility” Higher levels of unbound testosterone are linked to increased insulin resistance, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.