378 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” PCOS affects about 4% of women in the southeastern U.S. equally across Black and White populations.
82 citations
,
May 2016 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” The conclusion is that managing androgen excess requires long-term treatment, including hormonal contraceptives and androgen blockers, with follow-up after six months.
54 citations
,
February 1993 in “Endocrine reviews” Androgen conjugates might be better indicators of skin sensitivity to hormones in women with excessive hair growth.
24 citations
,
September 2001 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Women's ovarian hormones and adrenal androgens change throughout life, affecting hair loss and health.
20 citations
,
October 2017 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The conclusion is that removing both ovaries is the best treatment for excess male hormones in postmenopausal women, with medication as another option, and managing insulin resistance is important for diagnosis and treatment.
9 citations
,
June 2014 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” Blood AMH levels are higher in women with PCOS than in those with other similar conditions.
8 citations
,
October 2010 in “Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation” Normal-range ALT levels can indicate metabolic and hormonal imbalances in young women.
5 citations
,
March 2015 in “Women's Health” The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS requires a thorough approach, considering various symptoms and risks, and calls for improved methods to identify PCOS types and prevent diabetes.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” A significant number of Nigerian women struggling with infertility have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, with the exact percentage varying based on the diagnostic criteria used.
January 2025 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” PCOS is the most common cause of hirsutism, and personalized treatment is important.
The document concludes that hair loss in women can be treated with topical treatments or hormone therapy depending on the cause.
100 citations
,
April 1990 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The ovary mainly causes high testosterone in PCO, while the adrenal gland is the main source in IH.
97 citations
,
March 2009 in “Dermato-endocrinology” Hormones significantly affect hair and oil gland function in the skin, and more research is needed on skin-related hormone disorders.
78 citations
,
October 2003 in “Cochrane library” Cyproterone acetate with estradiol may subjectively improve excessive hair growth in women, but it's not clinically better than other treatments.
56 citations
,
October 2018 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Androgens play a complex role in skin conditions like acne and hair loss in women, and normal blood levels don't always show true androgen status.
37 citations
,
January 2004 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” About 3% of high school girls aged 14-18 in Isfahan, Iran, have polycystic ovary syndrome.
31 citations
,
January 2018 in “Pediatric annals” Early adrenal gland maturation in young children can be normal, but other serious conditions should be ruled out first.
28 citations
,
July 2017 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Early onset baldness in men may indicate a condition similar to PCOS, linked to heart disease, diabetes, and prostate issues.
28 citations
,
April 2013 in “Fertility and Sterility” Caucasian and Asian women with PCOS generally show similar symptoms, except Asian women have less chest hair.
11 citations
,
August 2019 in “PubMed” Hirsutism in women is mostly caused by polycystic ovary syndrome and idiopathic hyperandrogenism.
10 citations
,
June 2010 in “Fertility and Sterility” Patients with PCOS tend to score their hirsutism higher than clinicians, making self-scoring less useful for diagnosis.
6 citations
,
August 2023 in “European journal of endocrinology” The 2023 guideline advises a detailed approach for PCOS, focusing on early detection, lifestyle and medical treatments, and managing health risks.
3 citations
,
March 1992 in “Journal of clinical pathology” Most women with excess hair growth need only a clinical evaluation and minimal tests unless they show signs of virilism.
2 citations
,
May 2018 in “Diagnosis” A 68-year-old woman developed male traits due to a tumor in her ovary, which was removed, returning her hormone levels to normal.
2 citations
,
June 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The type of PCOS a woman has doesn't strongly predict her skin or metabolic symptoms; obesity is a more important factor.
1 citations
,
January 2014 SAHA syndrome links oily skin, acne, excess hair, and hair loss in women, similar to PCOS.
1 citations
,
January 2006 Hirsutism is mainly caused by high androgen levels or sensitivity, with PCOS being the most common cause.
February 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hirsutism and acne indicate high androgen levels in women with PCOS, and early treatment can improve symptoms and quality of life.
February 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hirsutism and acne indicate high androgen levels in women with PCOS, suggesting early treatment can help.
August 2025 in “Advances in Therapy” Physicians in China prioritize clinical hyperandrogenism in PCOS treatment, but clearer guidelines are needed.