August 2024 in “Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden)” White fat tissue in the skin helps control inflammation by affecting certain immune cells.
December 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Restoring nerve-macrophage communication may help treat autoimmune diseases.
September 2019 in “Rheumatology advances in practice” Diagnosing and treating rapidly worsening lung disease is difficult and requires better guidelines and understanding.
9 citations
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January 2013 in “Indian journal of dermatology, venereology, and leprology” Infliximab may cause hair loss in Crohn's disease patients.
June 2020 in “Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases” Patients need better information about the risks of long-term steroid use.
9 citations
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June 2013 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” Infliximab improved skin and bowel symptoms in Crohn's disease but caused side effects and the disease returned after stopping treatment.
2 citations
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October 2022 in “Current Allergy and Asthma Reports” Biologic therapies can cause various adverse events, but allergy/immunology clinicians can manage them.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” PTEN was identified as a specific marker for the skin disease cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and it helps increase the expression of harmful type I interferons.
5 citations
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November 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
2 citations
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April 2024 in “Advanced Materials” A microneedle patch can help regrow hair by restoring immune balance in hair follicles.
October 2025 in “The American Journal of Gastroenterology” Infliximab can cause SAPHO syndrome, which may improve with Spesolimab and methotrexate.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Dimethyl fumarate speeds up wound healing in IL-36Ra deficient mice by reducing NET formation and oxidative stress.
Modern skin cancer treatments can cause skin side effects and hair loss, affecting patients' quality of life.
1 citations
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November 2025 in “Expert Review of Clinical Immunology” Sequential immunotherapy can effectively treat alopecia areata by managing inflammation and promoting hair regrowth.
3 citations
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September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” JAK inhibitors are effective for treating moderate-to-severe alopecia areata.
10 citations
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January 2019 in “International Immunology” Immune cells help keep skin healthy and repair it, but imbalance can cause disease.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The study found that sweat glands normally suppress immune responses, but this is disrupted in certain skin diseases, possibly contributing to their development.
5 citations
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October 2024 in “Reumatismo” Upadacitinib significantly improved alopecia universalis and psoriatic arthritis in a patient.
101 citations
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July 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” UVB exposure in human skin causes macrophages to produce more IL-10 and less IL-12, leading to immunosuppression.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” TEC kinases may help cause inflammation in vitiligo and could be targeted for treatment.
20 citations
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July 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” IL-1 receptor absence in mice leads to skin cysts and changes in immune response after UVB exposure.
October 2024 in “International journal of medicine and psychology.” Targeted immune modulation can help achieve stable remission in alopecia areata.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Psoriasis patients on biologic therapy have a weaker immune response to COVID-19 vaccination than healthy people.
October 2021 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine ” Combination therapies work better than single treatments for atrophic acne scars.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Cutaneous lupus patients have higher levels of certain immune cells in their blood and skin.
1 citations
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December 2024 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Biologics and small molecules can effectively treat inflammatory nail disorders, but personalized treatment plans are important.
50 citations
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April 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” New therapies targeting skin neuroimmune interactions could treat neuropathic pain.
59 citations
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June 2022 in “Frontiers in medicine” There are still challenges in diagnosing and treating chronic skin diseases, but there is hope for future improvements.
8 citations
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March 2023 in “PubMed” JAK inhibitors show promise in treating difficult skin diseases.
19 citations
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March 2022 in “Journal of Infection” Canakinumab's effect on COVID-19 outcomes is unclear.