211 citations
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June 2012 The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.
82 citations
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May 2009 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Caffeine penetrates human skin in lab tests similarly to real-life conditions, but actual skin use is still essential for accurate results.
13 citations
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October 2012 in “InTech eBooks” Nanocarriers could improve how drugs are delivered through the skin but require more research to overcome challenges and ensure safety.
25 citations
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December 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” New methods like nanoparticles and microneedles show promise for better skin drug delivery, especially for hair disorders.
2 citations
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March 2021 in “Reproduction” Finasteride may affect male fertility by interfering with specific sperm signaling.
43 citations
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November 2012 in “Pharmaceutical research” Fractional CO2 laser treatment significantly boosts drug and nanoparticle skin absorption, especially through hair follicles.
Lychnophora salicifolia extract in liposomes may protect skin from UV damage and inflammation.
61 citations
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May 2016 in “Scientific reports” The peptide IMT-P8 can effectively deliver proteins into the skin and cells for potential skin treatments.
12 citations
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July 2020 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Iron oxide nanoparticles improve skin penetration and drug release for hair loss treatment.
122 citations
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April 2011 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” Particles around 100 nm can penetrate and stay in hair follicles without passing through healthy skin, making them safe for use in topical products and useful for targeted drug delivery.
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December 2013 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Encapsulated Garcinia mangostana extract in cream penetrates skin better than other forms.
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October 2021 in “Scientific Reports” Nobiletin-loaded vesicles effectively treat skin cancer by restoring normal miRNA and antioxidant levels.
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May 1997 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Sebaceous glands in the skin play a key role in absorbing the antiandrogen drug RU 58841, especially when it's encapsulated in liposomes.
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January 2018 in “Skin pharmacology and physiology” Nanoemulsion creams with certain enhancers can greatly increase caffeine delivery through skin.
34 citations
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October 2014 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” The new drug delivery system releases the drug better in sebum and targets follicles more effectively than the conventional cream.
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September 2024 in “AAPS PharmSciTech” Transcutol® helps drugs penetrate the skin more effectively in various formulations.
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August 2014 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Lipid-coated silica nanoparticles penetrate human skin more deeply than bare silica nanoparticles.
15 citations
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May 2016 in “Die Pharmazie” Nanostructured lipid carriers deliver lidocaine to the skin better than nanoethosomes.
5 citations
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May 2020 in “Pharmaceutical Research” Heat and chemicals improve finasteride delivery to scalp and hair follicles, potentially enhancing treatment for hair loss.
3 citations
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September 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Methyl caprate greatly increases drug absorption through the skin and is better than other enhancers.
1 citations
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July 2005 in “Drugs and the pharmaceutical sciences” Targeting drugs to hair follicles can treat skin conditions, but reaching deep follicle areas is hard and needs more research.
January 2024 in “Wiadomości Lekarskie” Low-penetration genes might help personalize colorectal cancer prevention.
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May 2011 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Hair follicles greatly increase caffeine absorption through the skin shortly after it's applied.
74 citations
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June 2010 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” Minoxidil foam enters hair follicles and skin for hair growth.
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October 2020 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Caffeine penetrates skin quickly through open hair follicles, but less through closed ones, with levels becoming equal after 22 hours.
128 citations
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July 2009 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” PEVs improve minoxidil skin penetration, increasing hair growth.
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October 2002 in “Journal of controlled release” Medium lipophilic substances penetrate skin best, and adding ethanol can increase delivery to hair follicles.
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May 2012 in “Pharmaceutical Development and Technology” PEVs effectively deliver minoxidil through skin.
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June 2022 in “FARMACIA” Transethosomal gels improve naftifine skin delivery better than Exoderil cream.
6 citations
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December 2015 in “International journal of nanomedicine” Using sonophoresis can make it harder for certain drug-loaded liposomes to get through the skin.