506 citations
,
March 2005 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.
February 2006 in “Inpharma Weekly” 28 citations
,
January 2009 in “Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters” DHT deficiency increases iNOS expression in rat testis and epididymis.
January 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Medicine” Testosterone therapy improves strength and body composition in older men with low testosterone.
July 2012 in “The Journal of Urology” Testosterone increases muscle mass regardless of DHT conversion blocking.
1 citations
,
April 2023 in “World Journal of Urology” Finasteride reduces some inflammation in BPH but not all.
Testosterone works in different ways, including direct interaction with its receptor, conversion to other hormones for specific effects on genitalia, hair, bones, and muscle, and changes in body fat and sexual function when low.
11 citations
,
September 2020 in “OncoTargets and Therapy” Dihydrotestosterone increases growth and spread of human brain cancer cells, and blocking its formation might help treat this cancer.
11 citations
,
October 2002 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” Formalin-induced pain increases testosterone breakdown in the rat brain and spinal cord.
49 citations
,
August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The combination of cyproterone acetate and testosterone enanthate is highly effective in preventing sperm production and could be a good reversible male contraceptive.
7 citations
,
January 2021 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone with dutasteride improves muscle strength and body composition in trans men.
November 2023 in “JAAD case reports” Exogenous testosterone use may be linked to developing hidradenitis suppurativa.
June 2025 in “JCEM Case Reports” False high testosterone levels were corrected using a more accurate test.
3 citations
,
October 2011 in “QJM” The drugs finasteride and dutasteride reduce low-grade prostate cancers but may double the risk of high-grade cancers.
237 citations
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December 2001 in “Urology” Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.
January 2005 in “Urologia Journal” 5αR inhibitors help slow early prostate cancer cell growth, suggesting combined treatments are needed.
October 2010 in “Journal of Men's Health” Larger prostate size in older men may be linked to poorer semen quality and fertility issues.
5 citations
,
September 2011 in “Andrologia” Finasteride use may be linked to rare testicular tumor, but more research needed.
January 2025 in “International Journal Of Scientific Advances” Topical testosterone can cause acne-like skin changes.
23 citations
,
July 2015 in “The Journal of Membrane Biology” Testosterone increases certain proteins in the uterus, reducing fluid volume.
December 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Short-acting testosterone injections in a clinic are a preferred treatment for low testosterone because they work well, are convenient, and patients stick with the treatment.
3 citations
,
October 1995 in “Southern Medical Journal” Finasteride may cause breast enlargement, low testosterone a risk factor.
57 citations
,
February 1983 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Dihydrotestosterone increases the activity of an enzyme in pubic skin cells that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.
9 citations
,
January 2017 in “Archives of biochemistry and biophysics” Testosterone raises blood pressure and changes kidney protein levels.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's high testosterone and related symptoms were caused by overactive cells in her ovaries.
153 citations
,
April 2009 in “Urology” Prostate cancer was a major health issue in 2009, especially for Black men, and targeting the 5alpha-reductase enzyme could help in its prevention and treatment.
15 citations
,
November 1983 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Testosterone increases hamster hair growth; cyproterone acetate reduces it.
September 2010 in “European Urology Supplements” Serum triglyceride levels are not linked to prostate cancer risk.
September 2011 in “Urology” The IPP index is linked to storage symptoms and leftover urine, and may help manage urinary tract symptoms.
1 citations
,
August 2024 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Testosterone therapy significantly improved Hidradenitis Suppurativa symptoms.