11 citations
,
April 2020 in “Andrology” Testosterone replacement therapy, especially intramuscular, raises PSA levels, but no overall link between PSA and testosterone was found except in non-BPH patients.
2 citations
,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Early surgery reduces seizure risk in drug-resistant epilepsy; testosterone to DHT conversion doesn't affect muscle anabolism; veterans with PTSD likely to have riskier opioid use; bevacizumab helps in hereditary bleeding disorder.
124 citations
,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.
10 citations
,
October 2006 in “Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs” New treatments for male hypogonadism are easier to use and target specific tissues to reduce side effects.
24 citations
,
November 2007 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” New and future treatments for male hypogonadism include various forms of testosterone therapy and emerging drugs.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Care for gender-dysphoric Veterans can be improved with a consistent, team-based approach.
January 2014 in “European Geriatric Medicine” A postmenopausal woman's virilization was caused by a rare ovarian tumor that was hard to detect but was successfully treated with surgery.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help with androgen deficiency in women but should be used with caution and monitoring due to potential risks.
March 2023 in “Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation” Testosterone and finasteride improve muscle strength and size after spinal cord injury.
74 citations
,
January 2011 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy can improve hormone levels and quality of life in men with morphine-induced hormone issues.
Testosterone in human pancreas cells boosts insulin production.
3 citations
,
June 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Doctors used a special blood sampling technique to diagnose a woman's rare ovarian tumor that was producing male hormones.
2 citations
,
March 2004 in “Reviews in Gynaecological Practice” Hormonal changes and psychological issues can cause sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. Behavioral therapy is recommended first, with hormone replacement helping some symptoms but not libido. Testosterone can improve libido, but its effects on overall sexual function are unclear. Emotional and relationship issues should be addressed before using medication, and the benefits and risks of testosterone supplementation should be considered.
282 citations
,
October 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.
October 2021 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” A small BOTOX dose improved sperm production and movement in older mice.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Androgens and estrogens are crucial for insulin secretion in males.
6 citations
,
January 2020 in “The Aging Male” Testosterone replacement therapy improved blood sugar and fat levels without raising prostate cancer risk in Japanese men with low testosterone.
19 citations
,
July 2005 in “Steroids” Testosterone increases 3α-androstanediol levels, which can be blocked by finasteride.
1 citations
,
July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual function in women but long-term safety is unclear.
June 2025 in “CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians” Transgender men need personalized cancer care and continued testosterone therapy for well-being.
24 citations
,
January 2017 in “International Journal of Trichology”
March 2024 in “The journal of sexual medicine” The therapies improved ejaculation disorders and sexual function in middle-aged men.
July 2013 in “Revista da Universidade Vale do Rio Verde” Flutamide treatment showed no significant changes in mice vaginal mucosa.
February 2023 in “riUfes (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo)” High testosterone affects blood vessel function, with estrogen playing a key role in maintaining heart health.
12 citations
,
March 2018 in “Medicine” A postmenopausal woman's hirsutism and high testosterone levels improved after surgery for an ovarian tumor not seen on ultrasound.
July 2025 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” Dutasteride microinfusion and microneedling both effectively treat male hair loss.
2 citations
,
July 2023 in “AACE Clinical Case Reports” Ovarian vein sampling can effectively locate ovarian tumors when imaging is unclear.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy improved symptoms in a woman with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
37 citations
,
February 2010 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Androgen self-administration might be controlled by membrane receptors, not nuclear ones.