64 citations
,
October 2017 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Chitosan-coated nanoparticles can effectively deliver positively charged drugs through the skin using iontophoresis.
50 citations
,
December 2000 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Hair follicles significantly enhance electroosmotic transport during iontophoresis.
32 citations
,
March 2013 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Iontophoresis improves minoxidil delivery for alopecia treatment.
25 citations
,
July 2015 in “Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces” Iontophoresis improves minoxidil delivery to hair follicles for hair loss treatment.
21 citations
,
January 2012 in “Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Liposomes and iontophoresis effectively deliver protective enzymes into the skin against UV damage.
19 citations
,
January 2000 in “Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Diclofenac salt delivery through skin varies based on the salt's counterions.
15 citations
,
February 2013 in “Pharmaceutical nanotechnology” Finasteride delivery through skin improved using invasomes and iontophoresis.
3 citations
,
November 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Larger positively charged gelatin nanoparticles are more effective for delivering treatments to hair follicles.
2 citations
,
August 2016 in “Química Nova” Using iontophoresis on minoxidil sulphate-loaded chitosan nanoparticles increases drug release but reduces its targeting to hair follicles.
1 citations
,
December 2016 in “Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatology” Medroxyprogesterone acetate iontophoresis safely and effectively reduces facial hair growth in women.
June 2026 in “Brazilian Journal of Hair Health” This case series explores the use of iontophoresis combined with exosome therapy in treating female androgenetic alopecia (FAA), a condition affecting up to 50% of adult women. Three patients underwent five treatment sessions at 20-day intervals. Iontophoresis, a non-invasive method using an electric field, enhances the transdermal delivery of exosomes, which are nanovesicles that aid in tissue repair and regeneration. The treatment showed high efficacy, resulting in increased hair density, improved hair quality, and reduced scalp inflammation without any reported discomfort. The study suggests promising results, but further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.
September 2025 in “Dermatology and Therapy” The treatment improved hair growth and was well-received without side effects.
January 2025 in “Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna)” Skin patting and iontophoresis with dutasteride gel improved hair growth in people with androgenetic alopecia.
January 2012 in “Journal of Cosmetics Dermatological Sciences and Applications” Iontophoresis greatly improves skin absorption of certain substances, especially in hairy mice.
December 2009 in “Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo)” Iontophoresis and chitosan microparticles improve minoxidil delivery for hair loss treatment.
January 2008 in “Abstracts” Minoxidil sulfate gel can be used to treat hair loss.
Minoxidil sulfate, delivered through iontophoresis, can be used to treat hair loss.
January 2024 in “Italian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” January 2020 in “Global dermatology” Iontophoresis with a growth factor cocktail helps hair growth in patients with androgenetic alopecia.
365 citations
,
March 2021 in “Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology” Nanocarriers can improve drug delivery through the skin by overcoming barriers.
151 citations
,
November 2018 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.
39 citations
,
August 2017 in “Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces” 50-nm nanoparticles are better at penetrating skin and targeting hair follicles for drug delivery than 100-nm ones.
22 citations
,
November 2018 in “Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” New physical methods like electrical currents, ultrasound, and microneedles show promise for improving drug delivery through the skin.
19 citations
,
May 2021 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Minoxidil and finasteride are the best for non-scarring hair loss; more research is needed for scarring hair loss treatments.
19 citations
,
September 2015 in “Therapeutic Delivery” Active transdermal technologies in cosmetics help deliver skin treatments effectively, but their safety and effectiveness depend on skin type and treatment choice.
5 citations
,
July 1999 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Proteolytic enzymes damage hair follicles by detaching stem cells.
2 citations
,
August 2023 in “Pharmaceutics” New skin disease treatments using TDDS are improving but face challenges like side effects and high costs.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “Biomolecules & therapeutics” Polyamidoamine dendrimers can change the strength and direction of electroosmotic flow through the skin, affecting drug delivery.
2 citations
,
July 1999 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Proteolytic enzymes damaged hair follicle stem cells in transgenic mice.
1 citations
,
November 2024 in “Pharmaceutical Sciences” Deformable vesicular carriers improve drug delivery for skin conditions and systemic treatments.