February 2024 in “PloS one” Tofacitinib and adalimumab are promising treatments for cicatricial alopecia with few side effects.
December 2022 in “KSBB Journal” Activating TLR3 boosts autophagy gene expression in skin cells.
172 citations
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July 2007 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Stat3 helps skin heal but can also cause skin diseases if overactive.
10 citations
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January 2013 in “Journal of skin cancer” PKC ε increases hair follicle stem cell turnover and may raise skin cancer risk.
September 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Tet1/2/3 enzymes affect hair follicle cell development by influencing BMP signaling.
March 2026 in “Journal of Translational Autoimmunity” This study investigates the mechanisms by which ruxolitinib, a JAK inhibitor, reverses alopecia areata (AA) in a C3H/HeJ mouse model. Over 98 days, ruxolitinib treatment led to significant hair regrowth by day 85, reduced inflammatory cytokines, decreased T-cell infiltration, and lowered STAT phosphorylation. It also attenuated local oxidative stress and keratinocyte apoptosis without affecting autophagy or systemic oxidative markers. The study concludes that ruxolitinib's efficacy in treating AA is due to a triple mechanism: inhibition of the JAK-STAT pathway, reduction of local oxidative stress and apoptosis, and disruption of the inflammatory cycle, supporting the potential for targeted topical therapies.
26 citations
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June 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” SOCS1 and SOCS3 help control skin inflammation and are important for developing treatments for skin diseases.
6 citations
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March 2016 in “Scandinavian journal of immunology” Janus kinase inhibitors show promise in treating alopecia areata but need more safety research.
July 2024 in “Medical alphabet” JAK inhibitors like tofacitinib may effectively treat alopecia in children without major side effects.
6 citations
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July 2020 in “The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences” Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway may help prevent radiation-induced liver injury.
11 citations
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November 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” The conclusion is that the IL-6/STAT3 activation affects p63 expression in healing wounds, which may help in hair follicle regeneration.
10 citations
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July 2023 in “Pharmaceutics” Activating PKM2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling speeds up wound healing.
11 citations
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September 2011 in “Biochemical journal” Neurotrophin-4 increases calcium current in specific mouse neurons through the PI3K pathway.
January 2022 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Higher STAT3 levels are found in hair loss areas, but not linked to hair loss severity.
40 citations
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July 2015 in “Kidney International” IL-3 worsens lupus nephritis and blocking it improves kidney health.
February 2026 in “Journal of Cellular Physiology” TGF-β3 controls stem cell growth and development, varying by cell type and conditions.
November 2022 in “Munich Personal RePEc Archive (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich)” Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases are crucial for root growth, defense, and immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana.
8 citations
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February 2024 in “Matrix Biology”
3 citations
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January 2023 in “Science advances” The enzymes Tet2 and Tet3 are important for skin cell development and hair growth.
August 2024 in “New Zealand Medical Student Journal” JAK inhibitors show promise for treating skin diseases effectively and safely.
17 citations
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November 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Stat3 is essential for hair growth and wound healing.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” TRIV-509 quickly improves skin barrier and cell health in atopic dermatitis.
15 citations
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June 2011 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Overexpressing 14-3-3σ in mice skin reduces cell growth and hair density.
5 citations
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February 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Rapamycin may help treat Leigh syndrome by targeting protein kinase C.
March 2017 in “Current dermatology reports” Topical JAK inhibitors can effectively treat alopecia areata and vitiligo by modulating immune responses.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Blocking JAK-STAT5 signaling in mice leads to hair growth.
14 citations
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July 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Integrin-linked kinase is crucial for melanoblasts to properly colonize the skin.
4 citations
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January 2001 in “Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics” Activated ras can protect kidney cells from a certain substance that causes cell death.
November 2025 in “FEBS Open Bio” JAK/STAT1 pathway causes hair loss during chemotherapy by reducing Shh in hair follicles.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”