September 2016 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which overproduce IFN-α, may play a crucial role in starting alopecia areata, an autoimmune disease causing hair loss.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Ivarmacitinib significantly improved hair regrowth in severe alopecia areata after tofacitinib was less effective.
10 citations
,
January 2023 in “SAGE Open Medical Case Reports” Upadacitinib may effectively treat both alopecia universalis and Crohn's disease.
5 citations
,
August 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Upadacitinib effectively treats psoriasiform eczema and some related conditions.
1 citations
,
February 2020 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Certain cancer drugs interact with skin bacteria to cause acne-like rashes.
8 citations
,
October 2022 in “Dermatology practical & conceptual” Tofacitinib and ruxolitinib are effective and safe for treating various autoimmune skin and joint disorders.
1 citations
,
September 2025 in “JAAD reviews.” Janus kinase inhibitors are effective for severe alopecia areata, promoting hair regrowth.
2 citations
,
March 2026 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” JAK inhibitors for alopecia areata have different safety risks, requiring specific monitoring for each drug.
June 2025 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Dual-targeting therapies like Janus kinase inhibitors may treat both alopecia areata and other immune diseases.
June 2024 in “Poster presentations” Janus Kinase inhibitors effectively induce remission in Ulcerative Colitis with an acceptable safety profile.
IL-18 signaling helps mature Tregs move into the thymus.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Cutaneous lupus patients have higher levels of certain immune cells in their blood and skin.
October 2025 in “The American Journal of Gastroenterology” Infliximab can cause SAPHO syndrome, which may improve with Spesolimab and methotrexate.
12 citations
,
November 2015 in “Cell Death & Differentiation” Inflammation helps stem cells repair tissue by directing their behavior.
7 citations
,
May 2010 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” A man with multiple autoimmune diseases developed liver injury from azathioprine, but his liver improved after stopping the drug.
32 citations
,
February 2024 in “The Journal of Experimental Medicine” CXCL12+ fibroblasts help recruit neutrophils to fight skin infections.
January 2022 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Higher STAT3 levels are found in hair loss areas, but not linked to hair loss severity.
11 citations
,
August 2021 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Pimecrolimus reduces the effectiveness of stem cell therapy for atopic dermatitis.
8 citations
,
July 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Tofacitinib may effectively treat folliculitis decalvans.
1 citations
,
January 2025 in “Burns & Trauma” Targeting Midkine can help reduce pain and itching in keloids.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
56 citations
,
January 2019 in “Lancet” JAK inhibitors help regrow hair in alopecia areata patients, improving their quality of life.
7 citations
,
January 2020 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” NIPP1 is important for healthy skin and could help treat skin inflammation.
71 citations
,
May 2019 in “Rheumatology” Tph cells are linked to the severity of systemic lupus erythematosus.
September 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Topical tofacitinib helped a man with severe scalp condition after other treatments failed.
April 2026 in “Dermatology and Therapy” TNFα inhibitors are effective and well-tolerated for treating severe scalp cellulitis.
Iron deficiency worsens inflammatory skin diseases by disrupting iron balance and increasing inflammation.
3 citations
,
March 2021 in “JAAD case reports” Switching from adalimumab to ixekizumab improved a patient's psoriasis and reversed hair whitening.
2 citations
,
May 2020 in “JAAD case reports” Ruxolitinib can cause a delayed skin reaction on the nose.
1 citations
,
September 2023 in “Rheumatology advances in practice” A woman's rare scalp condition worsened after using a specific arthritis medication, suggesting such medications can sometimes trigger or aggravate psoriasis.