6 citations
,
February 1985 in “Archives of Dermatology” Systemic corticosteroids can cause unusual skin issues in people with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
12 citations
,
July 2023 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Upadacitinib improved Crohn's disease, atopic dermatitis, and alopecia areata in one patient.
45 citations
,
November 2018 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” JAK-inhibitors are effective for treating psoriasis and show promise for other skin diseases.
March 2017 in “Current dermatology reports” Topical JAK inhibitors can effectively treat alopecia areata and vitiligo by modulating immune responses.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mechanical tension worsens keloid scars by activating inflammation and fibrosis pathways.
IL-18 signaling helps mature Tregs move into the thymus.
Ajwain seed extract improved skin healing and hair growth in a mouse skin irritation model.
16 citations
,
March 2017 in “Oncotarget” SOCS3 treatment can prevent hair loss by stopping harmful immune responses.
May 2025 in “Journal of Inflammation Research” A combination of ixekizumab and tofacitinib successfully treated severe scalp cellulitis, leading to hair regrowth.
7 citations
,
November 2018 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Alopecia areata is caused by immune system issues, and JAK inhibitors might help treat it.
4 citations
,
August 2024 in “Skin Research and Technology” The study was retracted.
1 citations
,
October 2024 in “The American Journal of Gastroenterology” Switching from infliximab to Ustekinumab improved both hair loss and Crohn's symptoms in the patient.
97 citations
,
January 2020 in “Advances in chronic kidney disease” Calcineurin inhibitors, used in kidney transplants, can cause a wide range of side effects including kidney damage and other health issues.
March 2026 in “Lithuanian University of Health Sciences” JAK inhibitors can effectively regrow hair in alopecia areata patients, but ongoing treatment is needed to maintain results.
68 citations
,
September 2003 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Shrinking skin cancer increases the chance of cancer in nearby lymph nodes.
55 citations
,
October 2019 in “Dermatology and therapy” Drugs targeting the JAK/STAT pathway can improve atopic dermatitis but vary in effectiveness for vitiligo and alopecia areata, with generally mild safety concerns.
7 citations
,
July 1990 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” A woman with bullous pemphigoid had an allergic reaction to azathioprine, but got better with alternative treatments.
3 citations
,
January 2025 in “Journal of Natural Products” Calancardin B may help reduce inflammation in immune cells.
March 2026 in “European journal of ecology, biology and agriculture.” Patients with alopecia areata have higher levels of certain immune markers, suggesting new treatment targets.
105 citations
,
September 1995 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Recombinant cytokine therapy can cause skin reactions ranging from mild to severe.
3 citations
,
April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Tofacitinib, a JAK inhibitor, improved hair regrowth in most patients with severe alopecia areata and had minimal side effects.
Activating CB1 can reduce keratin levels, potentially helping manage psoriasis and aid wound healing.
33 citations
,
October 2018 in “BMJ Case Reports” Aggressive treatment in young patients with certain drug reactions may lead to multiple autoimmune diseases later.
38 citations
,
March 1997 in “Journal of interferon & cytokine research” IL-1β inhibits human hair follicle growth.
April 2026 in “Health care of Tajikistan” Combined therapy reduces inflammation and restores immune balance in alopecia areata patients.
54 citations
,
February 1994 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 2 citations
,
June 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
1 citations
,
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Tofacitinib helped most patients with alopecia areata regrow hair and changes in immune cells were linked to the treatment's effectiveness.
43 citations
,
February 2019 in “International immunology” Special immune cells called Regulatory T cells help control skin inflammation and repair in various skin diseases.
4 citations
,
October 2020 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” IL-4 and IL-13 might play a role in a type of hair loss similar to alopecia areata.