Chemical treatments weaken hair's thermal stability and structure.
February 2020 in “Oxford University Press eBooks” The alpha-helix was confirmed as a key structure in proteins.
70 citations
,
June 1998 in “Polymer” Permanent waving damages hair by disrupting its keratin structure.
17 citations
,
July 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Keratin-based particles safely improve hair strength, smoothness, and heat protection.
38 citations
,
October 2011 in “Analytical biochemistry” Hair proteins have weak spots in their α-helical segments.
September 2023 in “Journal of Natural Fibers” Drying hair with a microfiber towel better maintains hair strength and structure than using a cotton towel or blow-drier.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Biological Macromolecules” Small KP peptide improves hair without reducing agents, while larger proteins need them for better results.
5 citations
,
March 2012 in “Microscopy Research and Technique” UVB radiation changes the chemical makeup and dries out human hair but doesn't alter its appearance or texture.
19 citations
,
May 2008 in “Applied spectroscopy” Human hair has different protein structures in its cuticle and cortex.
28 citations
,
July 2000 in “PubMed” Hair structure forms the same way inside and outside the body.
161 citations
,
June 1993 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Trichohyalin helps in hair and skin cell structure and function by binding calcium and linking proteins.
January 2023 in “Annals of Dermatology” Patients with a specific genetic variant have more severe alopecia areata and higher recurrence rates.
28 citations
,
November 2009 in “Journal of Structural Biology” High flux X-ray beams quickly damage the structure of human hair.
27 citations
,
November 2007 in “Genomics” Mutations in specific keratin genes cause improper hair structure in mice due to faulty keratin protein assembly.
16 citations
,
January 2017 in “Physical chemistry chemical physics/PCCP. Physical chemistry chemical physics” The 3D structure of a key hair protein was modeled, revealing specific helical structures and stabilization features.
78 citations
,
May 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A specific gene mutation causes woolly hair and hair loss.
7 citations
,
January 2011 in “Biochemistry Research International” Hard α-keratin has a universal molecular structure with a specific superlattice arrangement.
6 citations
,
November 2018 in “Histochemistry and Cell Biology” Mongolian gerbils heal wounds differently than mice, with unique protein levels and gene expression that affect skin repair.
63 citations
,
December 1998 in “Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology” The study improved understanding of keratin fiber structure by showing consistent microfibril diameter but varying distances and electron density profiles.
107 citations
,
December 2013 in “International Journal of Dermatology” The document concludes that hair is complex, with a detailed growth cycle, structure, and clinical importance, affecting various scientific and medical fields.
45 citations
,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
28 citations
,
December 2011 in “Biocatalysis and biotransformation” PDI helps restore over-bleached hair's strength and structure by attaching special peptides.
33 citations
,
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A mutation in the KRT25 gene causes woolly hair and hair loss.
3 citations
,
December 2021 in “Materials today communications” A new film made from human hair supports skin cell growth better than collagen.
40 citations
,
September 2004 in “Biomacromolecules” The Glu413Lys mutation in keratin affects hair stability, while Glu413Asp does not.
19 citations
,
January 2009 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Hair's strength and flexibility come from its protein structure and molecular interactions.
73 citations
,
January 2016 in “International review of cell and molecular biology” Cornification evolved from keratinization in vertebrates, with differences between mammals and sauropsids.
47 citations
,
September 2011 in “Acta biomaterialia” Protein composition greatly affects the function of keratin biomaterials.
March 2026 in “Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials” Hair cuticles remain stable and resilient under stress due to strong protein content and crosslinking.
39 citations
,
February 1990 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” Trichohyalin, a hair follicle protein, has a part with repeating patterns of 23 amino acids.