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GlossaryKeratinocyte Stem Cells

specialized skin cells that regenerate and form keratinocytes

Keratinocyte Stem Cells (KSCs) are specialized cells found in the basal layer of the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin. These cells have the unique ability to self-renew and differentiate into keratinocytes, which are the primary cells that make up the skin, hair, and nails. KSCs play a crucial role in skin regeneration and wound healing, making them essential for maintaining healthy skin and repairing damage.

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research Histological and molecular restoration of type VII collagen in Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa mouse skin by topical injection of keratinocyte-like cells differentiated from human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells

1 citations , May 2024 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”

Injecting specific cells into the skin can help improve skin structure and reduce blisters in a genetic skin disorder.

research Transplantation of Keratinocyte Spore-Like Stem Cells

November 2012 in “Transplantation”

Large corneum layer cells can cover wounds effectively.

RSPO1-Mutated Keratinocytes From Palmoplantar Keratoderma Display Impaired Differentiation and Invasiveness: Implications for Squamous Cell Carcinoma Susceptibility in Patients With 46XX Disorder of Sexual Development

research RSPO1-mutated keratinocytes from palmoplantar keratoderma display impaired differentiation, alteration of cell–cell adhesion, EMT-like phenotype and invasiveness properties: implications for squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility in patients with 46XX disorder of sexual development

5 citations , July 2022 in “Orphanet journal of rare diseases”

RSPO1 mutations in certain patients lead to skin cells that don't develop properly and are more likely to become invasive, increasing the risk of skin cancer.

research Outer root sheath (ORS) cells organize into epidermoid cyst-like spheroids when cultured inside Matrigel: a light-microscopic and immunohistological comparison between human ORS cells and interfollicular keratinocytes

36 citations , January 1994 in “Cell and Tissue Research”

research Innate immunity and the regulation and mobilization of keratinocyte stem cells: are the old players playing a new game?

11 citations , July 2012 in “Experimental dermatology”

Innate immunity genes in hair follicle stem cells might have new roles beyond traditional immune functions.

research l-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate promotes elongation of hair shafts via the secretion of insulin-like growth factor-1 from dermal papilla cells through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

34 citations , March 2009 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

Vitamin C derivative helps hair grow longer by making cells produce a growth factor through a specific cellular pathway.

research Corneal epithelial‐like transdifferentiation of hair follicle stem cells is mediated by pax6 and β‐catenin/Lef‐1

20 citations , April 2009 in “Cell Biology International”

Hair follicle stem cells can become corneal-like cells with the help of pax6.

research The CD44+ALDH+ Population of Human Keratinocytes Is Enriched for Epidermal Stem Cells with Long-Term Repopulating Ability

28 citations , January 2013 in “Stem cells”

Certain human skin cells marked by CD44 and ALDH are rich in stem cells capable of long-term skin renewal.

Hair-Growth-Promoting Effect of Conditioned Medium of High Integrin α6 and Low CD71 Positive Keratinocyte Cells

research Hair-Growth-Promoting Effect of Conditioned Medium of High Integrin α6 and Low CD 71 (α6bri/CD71dim) Positive Keratinocyte Cells

17 citations , February 2015 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

A special mix from certain skin cells can help hair grow by making hair root cells grow faster and activating growth signals.

Growth Factors IGF-1 and KGF and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Promote Migration and Viability of Primary Human Keratinocytes in an In Vitro Wound Model

research Growth factors IGF-1 and KGF and adipose-derived stem cells promote migration and viability of primary human keratinocytes in an in vitro wound model

8 citations , February 2025 in “Frontiers in Medicine”

IGF-1, KGF, and stem cells help skin cells move and survive, potentially speeding up wound healing.

research Interfollicular epidermal stem-like cells for the recreation of the hair follicle epithelial compartment

14 citations , January 2021 in “Stem cell research & therapy”

Human skin cells with stem-like features can help create new hair follicles and sebaceous glands when combined with other cells.

Self-Organizing Hair Peg-Like Structures From Dissociated Skin Progenitor Cells: New Insights for Human Hair Follicle Organoid Engineering and Turing Patterning in an Asymmetric Morphogenetic Field

research Self‐organizing hair peg‐like structures from dissociated skin progenitor cells: New insights for human hair follicle organoid engineering and Turing patterning in an asymmetric morphogenetic field

26 citations , January 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Researchers created early-stage hair-like structures from skin cells, showing how these cells can self-organize, but more is needed for complete hair growth.

Conditioned Media Obtained from Human Outer Root Sheath Follicular Keratinocyte Culture Activates Signalling Pathways That Contribute to Maintenance of Hair-Inducing Capacity and Increases Trichogenicity of Cultured Dermal Cells

research Conditioned media obtained from human outer root sheath follicular keratinocyte culture activates signalling pathways that contribute to maintenance of hair-inducing capacity and increases trichogenicity of cultured dermal cells

6 citations , July 2012 in “Experimental Dermatology”

The substance from human hair root cells can help maintain hair growth and make skin cells more capable of growing hair.

research Single-cell transcriptomics defines keratinocyte differentiation in avian scutate scales

5 citations , January 2022 in “Scientific reports”

The research identified two types of keratinocytes in chicken scales: one for hard scales and another for soft skin, with similarities to human skin differentiation.

research Induction of Hair Growth by Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 in 1,763 MHz Radiofrequency-Irradiated Hair Follicle Cells

39 citations , December 2011 in “PLoS ONE”

Radiofrequency exposure can stimulate hair growth by increasing IGF-1 in hair follicle cells.

research Human TSC2-null fibroblast-like cells induce hair follicle neogenesis and hamartoma morphogenesis

36 citations , March 2011 in “Nature Communications”

Cells from a skin condition can create new hair follicles and similar growths in mice, and a specific treatment can reduce these effects.

research Activation of Nrf2 in keratinocytes causes chloracne (MADISH)‐like skin disease in mice

81 citations , February 2014 in “EMBO molecular medicine”

Activating Nrf2 in skin cells causes skin disease similar to chloracne in mice.

research Conditional knock out of N-WASP in keratinocytes causes skin barrier defects and atopic dermatitis-like inflammation

27 citations , July 2017 in “Scientific Reports”

N-WASP is essential for healthy skin and preventing inflammation.

research Human Placenta Extract (HPH) Suppresses Inflammatory Responses in TNF-α/IFN-γ-Stimulated HaCaT Cells and a DNCB Atopic Dermatitis (AD)-Like Mouse Model

3 citations , September 2024 in “Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology”

Human placenta extract reduces inflammation and symptoms in atopic dermatitis.

research Epithelial differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) undergoing three-dimensional (3D) cultivation with collagen sponge scaffold (CSS) via an indirect co-culture strategy

48 citations , March 2020 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

Using a collagen sponge scaffold helps stem cells become more like skin cells.

research Rapid preparation of a noncultured skin cell suspension that promotes wound healing

5 citations , March 2017 in “Cell and Tissue Banking”

Researchers developed a new method to quickly prepare skin cells that improve wound healing in rats.

research 332 OTULIN maintains skin homeostasis by controlling keratinocyte death and stem cell identity

November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

ILC1-like cells can cause alopecia areata by affecting hair follicles.

research Monoterpenoid Loliolide Regulates Hair Follicle Inductivity of Human Dermal Papilla Cells by Activating the Akt/ ¥-Catenin Signaling Pathway

37 citations , November 2019 in “Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology”

Loliolide can boost hair growth by activating specific cell pathways.

research Regulated Proenkephalin Expression in Human Skin and Cultured Skin Cells

77 citations , December 2010 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Human skin cells produce proenkephalin, which changes with environmental factors and skin diseases.

research Effect of ethanol extract of plant mixture on hair regeneration in human dermal papilla cells and C57BL/6J mice

4 citations , December 2015 in “Journal of Medicinal Plants Research”

A plant mixture extract helped grow hair by boosting cell growth and growth factors while blocking a hair loss-related enzyme.

research TLR9 activation in large wound induces tissue repair and hair follicle regeneration via γδT cells

August 2024 in “Cell Death and Disease”

Activating TLR9 helps heal wounds and regrow hair by using specific immune cells.

research Beneficial effects of the conditioned medium of adipose tissue-derived stem cells on human follicular cells

January 2010 in “Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University)”

The medium from stem cells in fat tissue may boost hair growth.

Three-Dimensional Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells in HGC-Coated Environments Enhance Hair Regeneration and Artificial Skin Integration

research Three-Dimensional Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells in HGC-Coated Environments Enhance Hair Regeneration and Artificial Skin Integration

January 2024 in “Biomaterials Research”

3D-cultured cells in HGC-coated environments improve hair growth and skin integration.

research TLR9 activation in large wound induces tissue repair and hair follicle regeneration via gamma delta T cells

February 2024 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)”

Activating TLR9 helps heal large wounds and regrow hair by involving a specific type of immune cell.

research Hair Follicle Regeneration Using Grafted Rodent and Human Cells

96 citations , April 2007 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Grafted rodent and human cells can regenerate hair follicles, but efficiency decreases with age.