12 citations
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June 2015 in “Dermatology Reports” Middle-aged women in Iran are most affected by primary cicatricial alopecia, especially discoid lupus erythematous.
January 2016 in “Vojnosanitetski Pregled” Some treatments for inflammatory bowel disease can cause skin problems like rashes and melanoma.
January 2026 in “Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine” Intralesional steroids effectively treated a young female's scalp nodules without recurrence.
9 citations
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February 2011 in “Biologics: Targets & Therapy” Topical calcineurin inhibitors, especially 0.1% tacrolimus ointment, are effective and well-tolerated for treating cutaneous lupus erythematosus but require more research for standard treatment guidelines.
22 citations
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April 1998 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Interferons are effective for some skin conditions and cancers, but can have side effects and need more research for optimal use.
8 citations
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January 2015 in “International journal of trichology” A woman's total hair loss was linked to a Borrelia infection and was reversed with appropriate treatment.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” January 2025 in “Multimedialen Archiv und Publikationsserver der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel)” Oxidized LDL reduces cell growth but affects stem cell differentiation less negatively than cytokine-induced inflammation.
September 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Innate lymphoid cells type 1 may contribute to alopecia areata.
2 citations
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January 2010 in “Case Reports in Medicine” Relapsing polychondritis might be linked to alopecia areata due to immune system factors.