45 citations
,
March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.
21 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
6 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone replacement may help postmenopausal women with sexual function and bone density, but suitable treatments are limited.
36 citations
,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
33 citations
,
January 2017 in “Conservation physiology” Measuring reproductive hormones in brown bear hair could help identify their sex and reproductive state, but better collection methods or lab techniques are needed.
32 citations
,
July 2001 in “Endocrine Practice” Insulin-sensitizing drugs like metformin can help with ovulation, weight loss, and lower testosterone in some women with PCOS.
27 citations
,
April 2017 in “European journal of endocrinology” The research found that MRI and certain hormone levels can help tell apart ovarian tumors from hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women, but tissue analysis is still needed for a definite diagnosis.
13 citations
,
June 1989 in “Pediatric clinics of North America/The Pediatric clinics of North America” The conclusion is that young women with excessive hair growth should be quickly tested for hormonal issues and treated to improve their social well-being.
10 citations
,
May 2009 in “Cases Journal” A woman's masculine symptoms were caused by an ovarian tumor, which improved after surgery.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “International Journal of Trichology” The hCG diet and testosterone therapy can cause hair loss in some people.
1 citations
,
January 2020 in “Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” Higher testosterone and DHT levels are linked to hair loss in men, but not to prostate cancer risk.
September 2024 in “Advanced medical journal” Spironolactone is effective and safe for treating acne in women, especially those over 25 with hormonal imbalances.
People with androgenic alopecia are more likely to have metabolic syndrome than healthy individuals.
May 2013 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” High aldosterone and free testosterone levels link to female hair loss; testing aldosterone may predict hypertension risk.
58 citations
,
January 2006 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.
11 citations
,
August 2014 in “Current Urology Reports” Medications for enlarged prostate can cause sexual side effects like reduced libido, erectile dysfunction, and ejaculatory problems.
4 citations
,
February 2019 in “Biological Trace Element Research” Chromium salts may help with insulin sensitivity in PCOS, but more research is needed to confirm their overall effectiveness and safety.
November 2025 in “Food Science & Nutrition” Apigenin may effectively promote hair growth for androgenetic alopecia when applied topically.
October 2006 in “Aging Health” Dutasteride effectively treats benign prostatic obstruction, improves urinary flow, reduces prostate size, and may prevent prostate cancer, but can cause sexual side effects.
May 2025 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Metformin lowers prolactin in men with normal hair but not in those with early hair loss.
18 citations
,
May 2014 in “Menopause” A 5 mg dose of transdermal testosterone cream effectively restores testosterone levels in postmenopausal women.
36 citations
,
January 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone may help increase sexual events for women with low libido due to antidepressants.
2 citations
,
February 2023 in “BMC endocrine disorders” Curcumin improved some metabolic factors in women with PCOS but did not affect cholesterol, insulin, or testosterone levels.
February 2022 in “Mediators of Inflammation” Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have lower levels of a substance called DIAPH1 in their blood, which is linked to changes in sugar metabolism and insulin resistance.
118 citations
,
May 2003 in “Toxicological Sciences” Exposure to finasteride in the womb caused lasting reproductive issues in male rats.
6 citations
,
March 2016 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Low IGF-1 and high HDL cholesterol levels are linked to more hair loss in middle-aged women.
1 citations
,
July 2017 in “The Journal of Urology” Low-dose finasteride and dutasteride reduce PSA levels by 27.8% in men with male androgenetic alopecia.
Oral lichen planus is not linked to sex hormone levels.
10 citations
,
August 2014 in “Skin research and technology” Sleep, testosterone levels, and a specific enzyme activity affect skin oil production in women.
6 citations
,
September 2012 in “Clinical Interventions in Aging” Honokiol might help reduce male skin aging by maintaining testosterone levels.