December 2022 in “Brazilian Journal of Health Review” Patients with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome need psychological support and multidisciplinary care for complex treatment decisions.
53 citations
,
May 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Different mutations in the 5 alpha-reductase-2 gene were found in affected individuals in the Dominican Republic, suggesting no common ancestry.
16 citations
,
September 2018 in “Clinical Biochemistry” The document concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the causes of PCOS.
309 citations
,
June 2001 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause androgen insensitivity, leading to female traits in genetically male individuals.
2 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Steroids & Hormonal Science” Women with PCOS and polycystic ovaries have higher male hormone levels and more insulin resistance, especially if they are overweight.
12 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics” Certain gene variations are linked to higher male hormone levels in Chinese women with PCOS and insulin resistance.
January 2026 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Higher dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels are linked to male pattern baldness.
26 citations
,
November 2011 in “Arquivos Brasileiros De Endocrinologia E Metabologia” Diagnosing PCOS in teenagers should focus on signs of excess male hormones and not rely solely on ovarian ultrasound or irregular periods, and should be reassessed in adulthood.
1744 citations
,
August 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome should be seen mainly as a condition of excess male hormones, with a focus on this in its definition.
1 citations
,
April 2024 in “Science Advances” Female cuckoo color differences are linked to their unique genes and help avoid male harassment.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.
23 citations
,
May 2009 in “International Journal of Dermatology” AR gene not major factor in female hair loss; different from male hair loss.
20 citations
,
March 1975 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” The study concludes that a genetic mutation in TFM mice leads to reduced androgen receptor activity, affecting the body's response to male hormones.
8 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.
22 citations
,
June 2004 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” A woman had both Graham Little-Piccardi-Lassueur syndrome, causing hair loss, and complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, making her genetically male but physically female. This suggests androgens don't affect the hair loss condition.
July 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” New hair regrowth model proposed, imiquimod found to kill skin cancer cells, T-cadherin loss linked to invasive skin cancer, no clear gene link to skin cancer after transplant, and study on children's hair loss shows male dominance and genetic ties.
May 2012 in “Reactions Weekly” A man developed hair loss from testosterone treatment but improved with additional medication.
November 2025 in “International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology” PCOS is likely inherited in families, increasing risk for first-degree relatives.
11 citations
,
July 2014 in “Gene” The S250C variant in a gene may cause autoimmunity and immunodeficiency by impairing protein function.
5 citations
,
January 2015 in “Case reports in medicine” A baby was diagnosed with IFAP syndrome due to a new genetic mutation, showing severe skin and developmental issues.
January 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” IVIG therapy significantly improved symptoms in a patient with APS-2 and SPS.
January 2022 in “Indian dermatology online journal” A baby with a skin condition improved with treatment but developed a rare form of the condition affecting only his trunk.
March 2021 in “AACE clinical case reports” A man with both Klinefelter syndrome and primary hyperparathyroidism showed a rare combination of symptoms and genetic patterns.
January 2018 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” A child with Olmsted syndrome showed mild improvement in hair and skin issues with treatment.
8 citations
,
December 2008 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Finasteride can cause a unique skin reaction on the penile shaft.
1 citations
,
January 2014 in “PubMed” Certain substances can decrease or increase exploratory behavior in rodents.
January 2025 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Mycosis fungoides can have unusual symptoms and may be misdiagnosed, but specific cell markers might suggest a lower risk of worsening.
36 citations
,
July 2014 in “Neuromuscular Disorders” A patient with a larger than usual genetic mutation had a broader range of symptoms for a muscle disease.
1 citations
,
October 2022 in “PubMed” Gender affects wool traits in sheep, with males and females showing differences in skin proteins related to wool growth.
April 2012 in “Neuropediatrics” Trichothiodystrophy is a rare genetic disorder causing hair issues and sometimes linked to DNA repair defects.