August 2025 in “World Academy of Sciences Journal” Topical metformin shows promise for skin treatments but needs more testing for safety and effectiveness.
June 2025 in “Mağallaẗ ʻulūm al-rāfidayn” Combining metformin with amoxicillin/clavulanate lowers blood sugar in diabetic female rats.
May 2022 in “The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” Metformin reduces certain hormone levels in men with early-onset hair loss.
May 2015 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Both finasteride and metformin effectively treat PCOS by reducing hormone levels and insulin resistance.
2 citations
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January 2025 in “JAAD Case Reports” Topical metformin may improve hair regrowth in CCCA when added to standard treatments.
December 2025 in “MEDFARM Jurnal Farmasi dan Kesehatan” Topical metformin shows promise for treating skin conditions like acne and psoriasis.
December 2024 in “Health Science Reports” Topical metformin shows promise for dental and skin treatments, including periodontitis, hair regrowth, wound healing, and acne.
July 2025 in “Insights-Journal of Health and Rehabilitation” Adding vitamin D to metformin lowers blood sugar more than metformin alone in type 2 diabetes.
7 citations
,
February 2021 in “Legal Medicine” Hair analysis showed very high metformin levels in two fatal overdose cases, suggesting it's useful in forensics but sweat may affect results.
2 citations
,
January 2013 in “Iraqi journal of Medical Sciences”
1514 citations
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December 2011 in “Fertility and sterility” Experts agree that PCOS affects women's health in complex ways, but more research is needed to understand and treat it effectively.
1265 citations
,
October 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.
989 citations
,
August 2007 in “The Lancet” PCOS is a complex condition with major health impacts, needing more research for better diagnosis and treatment.
951 citations
,
December 2013 in “Clinical epidemiology” PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women that can be managed with lifestyle changes and various medications.
926 citations
,
June 2010 in “BMC Medicine” Polycystic ovary syndrome is a complex condition that affects women's mental, reproductive, and metabolic health throughout their lives.
815 citations
,
April 2010 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with PCOS should be screened for heart disease risk and manage their health to prevent it.
467 citations
,
October 2014 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.
373 citations
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September 2009 in “Obstetrics & Gynecology” The bulletin provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing PCOS, suggesting weight loss, hormonal contraceptives, and diabetes screening, with clomiphene for infertility and various treatments for excess hair.
343 citations
,
October 2015 in “Endocrine Practice” The guide recommends specific methods for diagnosing PCOS and various treatments for its symptoms, while considering the health impacts on adolescents.
249 citations
,
November 2003 in “Clinical endocrinology” Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.
200 citations
,
August 2009 in “Experimental dermatology” Eating high-glycemic foods and drinking milk may worsen acne by increasing insulin and IGF-1 levels.
195 citations
,
November 2019 in “Clinica Chimica Acta” High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.
175 citations
,
January 2020 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Test thyroid function in all obese patients and prioritize weight loss for hormonal balance.
150 citations
,
February 2008 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Antiandrogens are somewhat effective in reducing excessive hair growth in women.
135 citations
,
April 2017 in “Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine” New treatments for PCOS show promise, including both medication and non-medication options.
121 citations
,
April 2008 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Insulin sensitizers may slightly reduce hirsutism but are less effective than other treatments.
114 citations
,
January 2014 in “World Journal of Gastroenterology” People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.
112 citations
,
April 2009 in “Cochrane library” Spironolactone may reduce excessive hair growth in women but its effectiveness for acne is not supported.
96 citations
,
February 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with type 1 diabetes often have polycystic ovary syndrome and excess male hormones, which are frequently undiagnosed.