74 citations
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June 2010 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” Minoxidil foam enters hair follicles and skin for hair growth.
October 2022 in “Chinese Journal of Dermatology” Dry skin does not mean the skin's protective barrier is broken; it's often due to a lack of natural skin moisturizers.
1 citations
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November 2004 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” External agents penetrate skin more easily in areas with fewer lipids, especially through hair follicles.
9 citations
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January 2023 in “Langmuir” Solubility in skin changes with hydration, affecting chemical absorption.
21 citations
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July 2015 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” Increased liposome fluidity boosts skin penetration of sodium fluorescein.
33 citations
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June 1995 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” More ethanol increases minoxidil delivery, but too much lowers efficiency.
67 citations
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January 2012 in “Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Nanoparticles don't penetrate intact skin but can enter through pores or damaged skin.
2 citations
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November 2025 in “Pharmaceutics” Moderately lipophilic dyes penetrate skin deeply, while highly hydrophobic or lipophilic dyes stay on the surface.
46 citations
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May 2006 in “Laser Physics” Particles similar in size to hair cells penetrate hair follicles better.
10 citations
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February 1993 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Clove, olive, and turpentine oils stop fungi from penetrating hair.
16 citations
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August 2014 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Lipid-coated silica nanoparticles penetrate human skin more deeply than bare silica nanoparticles.
15 citations
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June 2016 in “Computers in Biology and Medicine” Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate penetrates skin better in the stratum corneum than in the infundibulum.
15 citations
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October 2020 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Caffeine penetrates skin quickly through open hair follicles, but less through closed ones, with levels becoming equal after 22 hours.
March 2026 in “Advanced Healthcare Materials”
10 citations
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August 2015 in “Journal of biophotonics” Hair follicles help substances penetrate the skin faster and more effectively.
32 citations
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September 2018 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” The model better predicts how water-loving and fat-loving substances move through the skin by including tiny pores and hair follicle paths.
April 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” QMSI is a valuable method for studying drug penetration in skin tissues.
2 citations
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January 2016 Optimized formulations with specific ingredients can significantly improve skin delivery of topical drugs.
6 citations
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December 2015 in “International journal of nanomedicine” Using sonophoresis can make it harder for certain drug-loaded liposomes to get through the skin.
39 citations
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November 2013 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Massage increases how deep both rigid and flexible liposomes can go into skin, with flexible ones going deeper, and covering the skin (occlusion) helps rigid ones more.
January 2018 in “Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Urea, eucalyptus oil, and menthol improve minoxidil skin absorption.
1 citations
,
December 2022 in “Pharmaceutics” Finasteride-loaded microemulsions can effectively enhance skin delivery for treating hair loss.
January 2022 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” Nanoparticles in sunscreen are generally safe as they stay on the skin's surface.
April 2024 in “International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research” Natural permeation enhancers help emulgels deliver drugs through the skin more effectively.
54 citations
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October 2002 in “Journal of controlled release” Medium lipophilic substances penetrate skin best, and adding ethanol can increase delivery to hair follicles.
11 citations
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June 2001 in “PubMed” Coconut oil can penetrate hair better than mineral oil, potentially protecting against damage.
128 citations
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July 2009 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” PEVs improve minoxidil skin penetration, increasing hair growth.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” QMSI effectively maps and quantifies drug distribution in skin tissues.
1 citations
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July 2017 in “Microscopy and Microanalysis” Iron oxide nanoparticles mainly enter the skin through hair follicles and sebocytes, not the dermis.
132 citations
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April 2007 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” The microemulsion delivered the dye deeper into the skin than the cream.