24 citations
,
June 2011 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Most pregnant women experience skin changes like darkening and itching, while serious skin conditions are rare but need early treatment.
204 citations
,
May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
19 citations
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February 2012 in “International Journal of Urology” In Japan, sex reassignment surgery for gender identity disorder faces challenges and needs better medical support and education.
April 2024 in “Surgical Techniques Development” The 11th AICPE Congress in Rimini was a major event in European aesthetic plastic surgery.
53 citations
,
January 1986 in “Endocrinology” Blocking a specific enzyme in male rat fetuses leads to the development of nipples and feminized genitalia.
4 citations
,
March 2017 in “Development” Estrogen is important for keeping adult mouse nipple skin healthy by controlling certain cell signals.
2 citations
,
July 2018 in “Our Dermatology Online” Calcipotriol cream reduced skin thickening and itching in a rare nipple condition.
1 citations
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January 2005 in “Research Portal (King's College London)” Finasteride and DEHP exposure during development can change reproductive markers in rats.
Lack of certain cells causes abnormal nipple development and nursing failure.
41 citations
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October 2008 in “The American journal of pathology” Blocking a specific protein signal can make hair grow on mouse nipples.
February 2019 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Mohs surgery effectively treats nipple adenoma while preserving the nipple area.
118 citations
,
May 2003 in “Toxicological Sciences” Exposure to finasteride in the womb caused lasting reproductive issues in male rats.
58 citations
,
July 2007 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Tattooing helps treat skin conditions, reconstruct nipple-areola, mark radiation fields, and locate lesions.
56 citations
,
February 2012 in “Developmental biology” Sostdc1 controls the size and number of hair and mammary gland structures.
39 citations
,
August 2005 in “Dermatologic surgery” Micropigmentation is a widely accepted tattooing technique for hiding cosmetic issues and medical uses, with permanent results and few side effects, but risks infection if not done with sterile tools.
27 citations
,
March 2006 in “Dermatologic surgery” Medical tattooing is a widely accepted, easy, and permanent treatment with few side effects but carries an infection risk without proper sterilization.
9 citations
,
February 2025 in “Biomimetics” Robotic surgery in plastic and reconstructive procedures improves precision and outcomes but faces challenges like high costs and long operating times.
January 2023 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” Micropigmentation is a cosmetic tattooing technique for hiding skin issues and creating permanent makeup, but it can have side effects.
July 2022 in “International Journal of Health Sciences (IJHS)” Pregnancy often causes skin changes like darker nipples, swelling in feet, and stretch marks.
Nipple area expansion in mice needs both pregnancy hormones and mechanical strain.
Finasteride causes reproductive malformations in male rats.
July 2021 in “Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences” Amenorrhea, or missing periods, is caused by various factors and is treated based on the specific cause.
8 citations
,
August 2011 in “Journal of Medicinal Food” D-004 may be a natural alternative to finasteride for treating enlarged prostate and male baldness.
17 citations
,
January 2003 in “Skinmed” Athletes can experience various skin injuries from physical activity and environmental factors, and performance-enhancing drugs can also negatively affect their skin.
3 citations
,
February 2015 in “Mechanisms of development” Hormones and stretching both needed for nipple area skin growth in mice.
1 citations
,
May 2021 in “BMC Proceedings” The document concludes that more research is needed to reduce frequent hospital visits, addiction medicine education improves with specific training, early breast cancer surgery findings are emerging, nipple smears are not very accurate, surgery for older melanoma patients doesn't extend life, a genetic condition in infants can often be treated with one drug, doctors are inconsistent with blood clot medication, a certain gene may protect against cell damage, muscle gene overexpression affects many other genes, and some mitochondrial genes are less active in mice with tumors.
April 2018 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.
July 2014 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery” The document concludes that rib-sparing techniques in breast reconstruction have limited benefits, sentinel lymph node biopsy is needed for desmoplastic melanoma, certain hair preservation methods improve graft survival, partial turbinectomy effectively reduces nasal obstruction, nipple shields with irrigation may reduce capsular contracture, and thicker malignant melanomas have a higher risk of non-skin cancers.
July 2014 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery” The document concludes that rib-sparing techniques in breast reconstruction have limited benefits, sentinel lymph node biopsy is needed for desmoplastic melanoma, certain hair preservation methods improve graft survival, partial turbinectomy effectively reduces nasal obstruction, nipple shields with irrigation may reduce capsular contracture, and thicker malignant melanomas have a higher risk of non-skin cancers.
3 citations
,
January 2010 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document describes various skin conditions, their features, and treatments but lacks detailed study size information.