15 citations
,
September 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Hormone therapy increases the risk of heart-related issues in transgender women and may affect heart health in transgender men.
May 2023 in “Journal of drugs in dermatology” Most transgender patients getting laser hair removal before gender-affirming surgery are already on hormone therapy, which might affect the hair removal process.
24 citations
,
December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Transgender women can develop feminine traits and improve their quality of life through hormone therapy and surgery, but results vary and access to surgery can be limited.
January 2024 in “Medicina” Proper planning and technique in upper-face feminization surgery are crucial to avoid complications and revisions.
78 citations
,
August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The same gene mutation can cause different symptoms in family members.
2 citations
,
June 2024 in “Plastic Surgery” There is unequal access to gender-affirming surgeries in Canada, with a need for better coverage and specialized programs.
34 citations
,
April 2023 in “Climacteric” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects health risks and requires careful management, especially as transgender individuals age.
April 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Transgender patients on hormone therapy experience more acne and hair loss, but less skin inflammation.
71 citations
,
August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
1 citations
,
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Testosterone treatment may affect heart response to stress in transgender men.
10 citations
,
August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
174 citations
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July 2003 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Five new mutations in the androgen receptor gene were found, helping to understand androgen insensitivity syndrome better.
11 citations
,
May 2022 in “World Journal of Biological Chemistry” Progesterone may help trans women with breast development and health, but more research is needed.
2 citations
,
January 2020 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document concludes that individualized Facial Feminization Surgery plans and comprehensive care are crucial for successful outcomes.
May 2025 in “Oxford Academix (Oxford)” Dermatology trainees lack standardized guidelines and education for treating testosterone-induced skin conditions in transmasculine individuals.
April 2024 in “Pediatric dermatology” Transgender and gender diverse youth often have skin issues like acne and scarring, but few get referred to dermatologists.
9 citations
,
January 1997 in “Endocrine Journal” Gonadal biopsy is the best method to diagnose gonadal dysgenesis.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A boy with a new NR5A1 gene mutation has a sex development disorder without affecting his adrenal glands.
31 citations
,
September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
June 2003 in “MacSphere (McMaster University)” Masculinity in media is evolving to challenge traditional gender roles and promote more complex male identities.
46 citations
,
August 2006 in “PubMed” A genetic defect causes males in some Mediterranean populations to be born with ambiguous genitalia and develop male traits at puberty.
August 2025 in “American Journal of Case Reports” Accurate diagnosis and early specialist referral are crucial for managing 46,XY Disorders of Sex Development.
4 citations
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August 2021 in “Pediatrics in review” DSDs are birth conditions causing unusual sex development, managed with personalized care and sometimes surgery, but still lack a standard treatment approach.
32 citations
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July 2017 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Finasteride effectively treats hair loss in transgender men with few side effects.
January 2014 in “Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)”
1 citations
,
September 2014 in “Hormones” Over a third of women thought to have non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia didn't have it confirmed by genetic tests.
41 citations
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December 2016 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone therapy and surgeries for transgender individuals affect their skin and hair, requiring specific dermatologic treatments and respectful care.
23 citations
,
October 2016 in “Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health” The document concludes that health care providers should offer culturally competent care and more research is needed to improve health outcomes for transgender individuals.
1 citations
,
January 2022 in “Transgender health” Hormone therapy in transgender individuals can increase acne and affect hair growth and loss.
March 2023 in “Oxford University Press eBooks” The document's conclusion cannot be determined from the provided text.